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. 2023 Aug 4;7(3):031501. doi: 10.1063/5.0146000

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FIG. 3. — Most commonly used fluid flow setups in 3D in vitro cultures grouped by their preferential type of flow. Transendothelial or IFF (blue) can be achieved by fluid columns and Boyden chambers, with or without associated pump, and pump-based perfusion systems. Straight luminal flow (pink) by rocker-based systems, pump gravity-based systems, and pump-based systems. Tortuous luminal flow (orange) by pump gravity-based systems and pump-based systems. Finally, agitation (green) can be achieved by stirred tanks, RWV, or orbital shaker systems.