Table 1:
A summary of articles on the relationship between NILH with VD in subjects exposed to continuous noise (n = 14)
| Ref. No. | Study Aim | Study/Control Group | Audiological/Vestibular Examinations | The results showed: | QAS* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (40) | Investigation of ENG evidence in patients with acoustic trauma. | 286 subjects with slight and severe NIHL/40 healthy men | PTA*/ENG | A significant relation between NIHL and vertigo. Increased ENG abnormal results with increased NIHL and presence of vertigo. |
4/8 |
| (41) | Investigation of VD in subject with NIHL. | 29 airline technicians with mild to profound NIHL (at 4 kHz) | PTA/ENG | No relation between severity of NIHL and VD. | 5/8 |
| (42) | Investigation of the VD in subjects with NIHL. | 36 subjects with NIHL (at 4 kHz); 20 subjects with vertigo (60.4±17.1 dB HL) and 16 subjects without vertigo (56.7±12.2 dB HL) | PTA/ENG | A significantly reduction in Caloric test response in 47.1% of the subjects with vertigo. | 5/8 |
| (43) | Investigation of VEMPs in worker with NIHL. | 18 male and 2 female workers from nine industry with NIHL (26–75 dB HL at 4 kHz). | PTA/cVEMP and ENG | Abnormal Caloric (45%) and cVEMP (50%) responses in workers A significant relationship between hearing thresholds and VEMP responses. |
6/8 |
| (44) | Investigation of VEMPs in worker with NIHL. | 30 workers with NIHL (25–70 dB HL)/30 healthy subjects (age- and sex-matched). | PTA/cVEMP | A significant association between the abnormal cVEMP (34.6%) and hearing threshold. | 6/8 |
| (45) | Investigation of the sequence of vestibular deficits in subjects with NIHL. | 30 subjects with NIHL (26–62 dB at 4kHz)/30 healthy subject (age- and sex-matched). | PTA/oVEMP, cVEMP, and Caloric (ENG) | Abnormal cVEMP (70%), oVEMP (57%) and caloric (33%) responses in subject with NIHL. | 6/8 |
| (46) | Evaluation of VEMPs in worker with NIHL. | 60 workers with NIHL (40–70 dB HL at 4 kHz)/30 aged-match healthy office employees. | PTA/cVEMP | A significant association between the abnormal cVEMP (36.6%) and hearing threshold. | 4/8 |
| (47) | Investigation of cVEMP in patients with NIHL. | 20 workers with NIHL (42.2±14.6 dB HL at 4 kHz)/20 aged-matched normal subjects. | PTA/cVEMP | A significant association between the abnormal cVEMP (30%) and hearing thresholds. | 7/8 |
| (48) | Investigation of cVEMP in workers with occupational noise exposure and HL. | 40 textile factory male workers with chronic noise exposure (with normal to moderate hearing loss at 4 kHz)/20 age-matched healthy male subjects without noise exposure. | PTA/cVEMP | A significant association between the severity hearing loss and the abnormal cVEMP responses. A significant association between the abnormal cVEMP responses and sense of imbalance. |
7/8 |
| (49) | Evaluation of the SCCs function in industrial workers with NIHL. | 36 metal industry workers with NIHL (> 40 dB HL at 4 kHz)/30 healthy men. | PTA/vHIT | A significant SCCs deficit in workers with NIHL (55.5%) versus control group (6.6%). | 7/8 |
| (50) | Evaluation of the vestibular function in workers with occupational noise exposure. | 60 noise-exposed laundry workers with mild NIHL/20 aged-matched healthy subjects. | PTA/VNG | Normal oculomotor tests in both groups. A significantly higher directional preponderance (17.5% versus 3.9%) and unilateral weakness (16.9% versus 3.8%) among the study group than controls. |
6/8 |
| (51) | Evaluation of the saccular function in subjects with NIHL and without vestibular symptoms. | 25 male subjects with NIHL/25 matched controls with sensorineural hearing loss and without noise exposure. | PTA/cVEMP and Caloric (VNG) | Significant abnormal cVEMPs in subjects with NIHL. Only a significant difference in cVEMPs amplitude (not latency) between the two groups. |
6/8 |
| (52) | Assessment of the vestibular function in subjects with chronic noise exposure. | 121 police personnel and automobile drivers with at least 5 years noise exposure /121 healthy volunteers without noise exposure. | VNG and cVEMP | Normal vestibular function in terms of VNG and cVEMP tests in both groups. | 6/8 |
| (53) | Evaluation of the effect of chronic noise exposure on the vestibular system | 17 textile factory workers with mild to moderately severe NIHL/17 healthy subjects. | PTA/vHIT | Significant abnormal vHIT (lateral canal) in 47% of workers with NIHL. Negative correlation between lateral canal gain and hearing thresholds. |
7/8 |
*
Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), Quality Assessment Score (QAS)