Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Total Cohort and PSM Cohort
| Total Cohort | PSM Cohort | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MAFLD (n=199) | Non-MAFLD (n=425) | p value | MAFLD (n=186) | Non-MAFLD (n=186) | p value | |
| Age (years)+ | 57.0 (48.0–63.5) | 56.0 (49.0–63.0) | 0.431 | 56.5 (48.0–63.8) | 57.0 (50.0–64.0) | 0.876 |
| Gender (male) | 163 (81.9) | 357 (84.0) | 0.514 | 153 (82.3) | 147 (79.0) | 0.431 |
| BMI (kg/m2)+ | 25.7 (24.1–28.0) | 24.8 (23.1–26.9) | 0.000 | 25.7 (24.0–28.0) | 24.9 (23.2–27.1) | 0.000 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 36 (18.1) | 70 (16.5) | 0.616 | 32 (17.2) | 39 (21.0) | 0.356 |
| Hypertension | 73 (36.7) | 107 (25.2) | 0.003 | 68 (36.6) | 42 (22.6) | 0.003 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 165 (82.9) | 366 (86.1) | 0.295 | 158 (84.9) | 158 (84.9) | 1.000 |
| HBV | 155 (77.9) | 368 (86.6) | 0.006 | 150 (80.6) | 149 (80.1) | 0.896 |
| Alcohol | 53 (26.6) | 106 (24.9) | 0.651 | 52 (28.0) | 47 (25.3) | 0.557 |
| ECOG PS (>0) | 45 (22.6) | 94 (22.1) | 0.890 | 41 (22.0) | 45 (24.2) | 0.623 |
| AFP (>1000 ng/mL) | 37 (19.1) | 81 (19.6) | 0.886 | 37 (20.3) | 42 (23.0) | 0.543 |
| Histopathology | 0.426 | 0.310 | ||||
| Well | 17 (9.9) | 28 (7.0) | 17 (10.3) | 10 (5.7) | ||
| Moderate | 120 (70.2) | 297 (74.4) | 115 (69.7) | 128 (73.1) | ||
| Poor | 34 (19.9) | 74 (18.6) | 33 (20.0) | 37 (21.1) | ||
| Tumor number (>1) | 32 (16.2) | 69 (16.2) | 0.981 | 32 (17.2) | 29 (15.6) | 0.674 |
| Tumor size (cm)+ | 3.8 (2.6–6.3) | 4.0 (2.7–6.9) | 0.184 | 3.9 (2.6–6.4) | 4.5 (2.7–7.0) | 0.066 |
| Microvascular invasion | 42 (21.2) | 94 (22.2) | 0.788 | 42 (22.6) | 52 (28.0) | 0.233 |
| Metastases | 9 (4.5) | 36 (8.5) | 0.077 | 9 (4.8) | 16 (8.6) | 0.213 |
| Satellite nodules | 21 (10.6) | 50 (11.8) | 0.665 | 21 (11.3) | 22 (11.8) | 0.871 |
| Child B and C | 18 (9.1) | 28 (6.6) | 0.273 | 17 (9.1) | 18 (9.7) | 0.859 |
| MELD+ | 7.0 (7.0–8.0) | 8.0 (7.0–9.0) | 0.040 | 7.0 (7.0–8.0) | 8.0 (7.0–9.0) | 0.089 |
| BCLC | 0.875 | 0.772 | ||||
| 0 | 14 (7.2) | 23 (5.4) | 10 (5.4) | 12 (6.5) | ||
| A | 38 (19.6) | 77 (18.2) | 37 (19.9) | 32 (17.2) | ||
| B | 89 (45.9) | 197 (46.6) | 87 (46.8) | 80 (43.0) | ||
| C | 50 (25.8) | 119 (28.1) | 49 (26.3) | 59 (31.7) | ||
| D | 3 (1.5) | 7 (1.7) | 3 (1.6) | 3 (1.6) | ||
| CNLC | 0.983 | 0.762 | ||||
| I | 130 (67.0) | 278 (65.9) | 122 (65.6) | 113 (60.8) | ||
| II | 13 (6.7) | 27 (6.4) | 13 (7.0) | 13 (7.0) | ||
| III | 48 (24.7) | 110 (26.0) | 48 (25.8) | 57 (30.6) | ||
| IV | 3 (1.6) | 7 (1.6) | 3 (1.6) | 3 (1.6) | ||
| Initial therapy | 0.008 | 0.587 | ||||
| Liver resection | 112 (56.3) | 281 (66.1) | 111 (59.7) | 103 (55.4) | ||
| Laparoscopic resection | 61 (30.7) | 120 (28.2) | 56 (30.1) | 69 (37.1) | ||
| Others | 26(13.0) | 24(5.7) | 19 (10.2) | 14 (7.5) | ||
| HBeAg positive | 43 (21.6) | 95 (22.6) | 0.789 | 40 (21.5) | 35 (18.8) | 0.518 |
| HBV DNA (log10 IU/mL)+ | 2.8 (1.8–4.9) | 3.0 (1.6–4.8) | 0.777 | 2.8 (1.9–4.9) | 2.3 (1.4–3.9) | 0.078 |
Notes: +Data are medians, with interquartile ranges in parentheses. p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant and shown in bold values. Except where indicated, Data are numbers of patients, with percentages in parentheses.
Abbreviations: AFP, alpha fetoprotein; ALBI, albumin-bilirubin grade; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system; BMI, Body mass index; Child B and C, Child-Pugh class B and C; CNLC, China liver cancer staging system; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HBeAg, hepatitis B e antigen; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease; MAFLD, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; PSM, propensity score matching; SMD, standardized mean difference.