Table 3.

Concentrations of serum glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCHOL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) of male and female young pigeons exposed to different stocking densities.

Item2	Stocking density1				SEM	P value
	Control	HSD	SD	LSD
GLU (mmol/L)
Male	17.19 ± 0.61C	17.97 ± 0.53BC	19.28 ± 0.17AB	20.29 ± 0.83A	0.421	0.021
Female	18.41 ± 0.46	18.41 ± 0.59	19.88 ± 0.88	18.31 ± 0.28	0.314	0.234
TG (mmol/L)
Male	1.38 ± 0.09	1.37 ± 0.09	1.21 ± 0.21	1.05 ± 0.01	0.072	0.393
Female	1.66 ± 0.15	1.27 ± 0.11	1.43 ± 0.25	1.45 ± 0.21	0.093	0.568
TCHOL (mmol/L)
Male	8.65 ± 0.08A	8.11 ± 0.16A	8.14 ± 0.02A	7.48 ± 0.51B	0.179	0.047
Female	8.59 ± 0.39a	7.15 ± 0.63b	7.62 ± 0.41b	7.85 ± 0.56b	0.264	0.291
HDL (mmol/L)
Male	4.49 ± 0.17	4.31 ± 0.11	4.07 ± 0.25	4.53 ± 0.16	0.097	0.353
Female	3.65 ± 0.41b	4.05 ± 0.21ab	4.93 ± 0.17a	4.42 ± 0.28ab	0.169	0.034
LDL (mmol/L)
Male	3.53 ± 0.21	3.18 ± 0.21	2.85 ± 0.21	3.13 ± 0.19	0.114	0.238
Female	2.81 ± 0.31	2.92 ± 0.28	3.01 ± 0.33	2.77 ± 0.31	0.145	0.949

¹HSD: high stocking density (0.308 m³/bird); SD: standard stocking density (0.616 m³/bird); LSD: low stocking density (1.232 m³/bird); Control: every 3 pigeons were kept in 1 breeding cage (0.04125 m³/bird).

²GLU: glucose; TG: triglyceride; TCHOL: total cholesterol; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein.

^{A-C, a,b}Mean values within the same row not sharing a common superscript letter are significantly different (P < 0.05).