Table 2.
Comparison of smokers to non-smokers.
| Non-Smoker (N = 103) | Current Smoker (N = 47) | Total (N = 150) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | 0.02 | |||
| Female | 75 (72.8%) | 42 (89.4%) | 117 (78.0%) | |
| Male | 28 (27.2%) | 5 (10.6%) | 33 (22.0%) | |
| Age, mean (SD), years | 54.5 (14.3) | 48.5 (11.2) | 52.6 (13.6) | 0.01 |
| Body Mass Index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 34.1 (7.0) | 36.7 (7.4) | 34.9 (7.2) | 0.06 |
| Smoking Status, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Never smoker | 83 (80.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 83 (55.3%) | |
| Previous smoker | 20 (19.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 20 (13.3%) | |
| Current smoker | 0 (0.0%) | 47 (100.0%) | 47 (31.3%) | |
| Cigarette Intake, mean (SD), packs per day | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (0.1) | 0.3 (0.5) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis, n (%) | 32 (31.1%) | 13 (27.7%) | 45 (30.0%) | 0.67 |
| Preoperative Hemoglobin A1c if Diabetic, mean (SD), % | 6.9 (1.0) | 7.7 (1.6) | 7.1 (1.2) | 0.12 |
| Laterality, n (%) | 0.36 | |||
| Left | 50 (48.5%) | 19 (40.4%) | 69 (46.0%) | |
| Right | 53 (51.5%) | 28 (59.6%) | 81 (54.0%) | |
| Part of Bilateral Operations, n (%) | 42 (40.8%) | 20 (42.6%) | 62 (41.3%) | 0.84 |
| Time From Electromyography Study to Surgery, mean (SD), months | 10.0 (22.2) | 8.3 (10.3) | 9.5 (19.3) | 0.98 |
| Preoperative Electromyography Finding, n (%) | 0.43 | |||
| Mild | 5 (4.9%) | 5 (10.6%) | 10 (6.7%) | |
| Moderate | 29 (28.2%) | 15 (31.9%) | 44 (29.3%) | |
| Severe without active denervation | 56 (54.4%) | 20 (42.6%) | 76 (50.7%) | |
| Severe with active denervation | 13 (12.6%) | 7 (14.9%) | 20 (13.3%) | |
| Preoperative Visual Analog Scale Score, mean (SD) | 4.3 (2.9) | 4.4 (2.5) | 4.3 (2.8) | 0.70 |
| Postoperative Visual Analog Scale Score, mean (SD) | 1.5 (2.0) | 2.3 (2.5) | 1.8 (2.2) | 0.10 |
| Postoperative Change in Visual Analog Score, mean (SD) | 2.8 (3.0) | 2.1 (2.8) | 2.6 (2.9) | 0.22 |