Table 3.
Plasma levels of inflammatory mediators in RVO patients and controls.
| Subgroups of RVO | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Control | RVO | CRVO | BRVO | p values |
| (n = 19, pg/mL) | (n = 20, pg/mL) | (n = 6, pg/mL) | (n = 14, pg/mL) | BRVO vs. CRVO | |
| IL-17E | 6.22 ± 3.47 | 7.80 ± 6.96 | 7.63 ± 7.77 | 7.88 ± 6.89 | 0.81 |
| Flt-3 L | 66.15 ± 19.28 | 64.50 ± 28.82 | 63.23 ± 28.88 | 65.04 ± 29.86 | 0.987 |
| IL-3 | 4.19 ± 3.90 | 5.35 ± 11.03 | 4.86 ± 3.90 | 5.55 ± 13.11 | 0.231 |
| IL-8 | 2.87 ± 1.36 | 4.62 ± 8.21 | 1.76 ± 0.97 | 5.84 ± 9.63 | 0.394 |
| IL-33 | 10.64 ± 4.51 | 9.75 ± 9.09 | 9.84 ± 7.98 | 9.71 ± 9.81 | 0.848 |
| MIP-3β | 61.91 ± 18.64 | 79.86 ± 34.22 | 68.44 ± 18.73 | 84.76 ± 38.61 *, c | 0.413 |
| MIP-α | 20.12 ± 15.00 | 15.96 ± 10.40 | 15.04 ± 8.89 | 16.36 ± 11.27 | 0.992 |
| GRO β | 316.98 ± 170.94 | 82.37 ± 102.26 **, a | 71.67 ± 69.24 **, c | 86.96 ± 115.61 **, c | 0.872 |
| PD-L1 | 179.35 ± 433.37 | 118.37 ± 120.52 | 197.58 ± 147.27 | 84.42 ± 93.55 | 0.057 |
| CD40 L | 365.81 ± 195.71 | 562.85 ± 1179.37 | 483.26 ± 441.56 | 596.96 ± 1397.75 | 0.368 |
| IFN-β | 3.31 ± 4.18 | 3.42 ± 3.97 | 3.73 ± 5.51 | 3.28 ± 3.36 | 0.837 |
| G-CSF | 13.71 ± 7.74 | 11.89 ± 11.23 | 13.05 ± 13.56 | 11.39 ± 10.62 | 0.768 |
| Granzyme B | 3.40 ± 3.59 | 4.31 ± 8.90 | 5.08 ± 5.83 | 3.98 ± 10.11 | 0.225 |
| TRAIL | 43.28 ± 19.78 | 53.73 ± 32.19 | 60.96 ± 23.66 | 50.63 ± 35.56 | 0.301 |
| EGF | 15.24 ± 25.67 | 11.48 ± 22.61 | 11.22 ± 17.35 | 11.59 ± 25.12 | 0.548 |
| PDGF-AA | 1838.86 ± 1119.14 | 1690.93 ± 2137.33 | 1580.28 ± 2042.11 | 1738.36 ± 2250.46 | 0.961 |
| PDGF-AB/BB | 356.67 ± 291.63 | 299.83 ± 373.05 | 371.66 ± 516.67 | 269.05 ± 311.96 | 0.616 |
| TGF-α | 9.48 ± 6.44 | 9.10 ± 9.50 | 8.37 ± 8.91 | 9.41 ± 10.06 | 0.774 |
| VEGF | 56.57 ± 19.56 | 63.40 ± 53.77 | 78.57 ± 85.06 | 56.90 ± 35.93 | 0.601 |
| FGF β | 11.74 ± 6.34 | 11.29 ± 13.72 | 10.46 ± 11.55 | 11.65 ± 14.94 | 0.928 |
aMultivariable linear regression analysis of inflammatory factors between controls and RVO patients after adjusting for age. bIndependent sample t-test analysis between BRVO and CRVO patients; cMultivariable linear regression analysis of inflammatory factors between controls and CRVO, BRVO patients after adjusting for age. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. Bold indicating p value was statistically significant. RVO, retinal vein occlusion; BRVO, branch retinal vein occlusion; and CRVO, central retinal vein occlusion.