Table 2.

Codes and sub-codes used to code data

Main codes	Sub-codes
Stakeholders	Students, educators
Sentiment	Negative, positive
Challenge 1	Anxiety, stress, time constraints
Challenge 2	Assessment and grading: negative
Challenge 3	Curriculum incompatibility
Challenge 4	Distractions
Challenge 5	Ethical concerns
Challenge 6	Feedback issues
Challenge 7	ICT preparedness: negative
Challenge 8	Internet and technical issues
Challenge 9	Learning challenges
Challenge 10	Low engagement
Challenge 11	Low human interaction
Challenge 12	Low mentorship
Challenge 13	Low motivation
Challenge 14	Low practice
Challenge 15	Low self-confidence
Challenge 16	Privacy concerns
Challenge 17	Training
Opportunity 1	Assessment and grading: positive
Opportunity 2	Better teaching
Opportunity 3	Effective communication
Opportunity 4	Flexibility
Opportunity 5	High engagement
Opportunity 6	High motivation
Opportunity 7	High self-confidence
Opportunity 8	Human interaction
Opportunity 9	ICT preparedness: positive
Opportunity 10	Independent learning
Opportunity 11	Less anxiety, stress, time constraints
Opportunity 12	Sustainable learning
Opportunity 13	Up to date and accessible learning
Opportunity 14	Varied modes and styles