TABLE 3.
Satorra–Bentler scaled χ2 tests comparing 1-, 2-, and 3-factor models of executive function.
1- versus 2-Factor (IR with CM) | 1- versus 2-Factor (WM with CM) | 1- versus 2-Factor (WM with IR) | 2- (IR with CM) versus 3-Factor | 2- (WM with CM) versus 3-Factor | 2- (WM with IR) versus 3-Factor | |||||||||
Cohort |
Time- point |
n | Δχ2(Δdf) | p | Δχ2(Δdf) | p | Δχ2(Δdf) | p | Δχ2(Δdf) | p | Δχ2(Δdf) | p | Δχ2(Δdf) | p |
3rd-4th grade cohort | 1 | 210 | 10.602 (1) | 0.001 | 0.157 (1) | 0.692 | 0.225 (1) | 0.635 | 0.277 (2) | 0.871 | 10.642 (2) | 0.005 | 11.199 (2) | 0.004 |
2 | 209 | 4.539 (1) | 0.033 | 28.671 (1) | <0.001 | 20.036 (1) | <0.001 | 21.504 (2) | <0.001 | 3.486 (2) | 0.175 | 12.052 (2) | 0.002 | |
3 | 217 | 0.002 (1) | 0.962 | 2.975 (1) | 0.085 | 1.449 (1) | 0.229 | 3.662 (2) | 0.160 | 0.255 (2) | 0.880 | 2.155 (2) | 0.340 | |
4 | 234 | 2.804 (1) | 0.094 | 3.513 (1) | 0.061 | 11.037 (1) | 0.001 | 10.544 (2) | 0.005 | 10.116 (2) | 0.006 | 2.397 (2) | 0.302 | |
5th–6th grade cohort | 1 | 211 | 9.077 (1) | 0.003 | 1.5 (1) | 0.221 | 3.059 (1) | 0.080 | 3.056 (2) | 0.217 | 10.232 (2) | 0.006 | 9.389 (2) | 0.009 |
2 | 201 | 9.685 (1) | 0.002 | 18.086 (1) | <0.001 | 9.551 (1) | 0.002 | 12.839 (2) | 0.002 | 7.828 (2) | 0.020 | 14.254 (2) | 0.001 | |
3 | 281 | 10.905 (1) | 0.001 | 2.194 (1) | 0.139 | 17.954 (1) | <0.001 | 15.696 (2) | <0.001 | 30.375 (2) | <0.001 | 10.741 (2) | 0.005 | |
4 | 273 | 9.23 (1) | 0.002 | 14.339 (1) | <0.001 | 38.936 (1) | <0.001 | 18.365 (2) | <0.001 | 13.323 (2) | 0.001 | 7.003 (2) | 0.030 | |
7th–8th grade cohort | 1 | 447 | 10.761 (1) | 0.001 | 2.335 (1) | 0.126 | 5.982 (1) | 0.014 | 5.445 (2) | 0.066 | 14.184 (2) | 0.001 | 10.575 (2) | 0.005 |
2 | 453 | 13.883 (1) | <0.001 | 5.112 (1) | 0.024 | 6.9 (1) | 0.009 | 6.739 (2) | 0.034 | 15.111 (2) | 0.001 | 13.203 (2) | 0.001 | |
3 | 432 | 26.161 (1) | <0.001 | 7.093 (1) | 0.008 | 21.051 (1) | <0.001 | 18.276 (2) | <0.001 | 38.066 (2) | <0.001 | 20.456 (2) | <0.001 | |
4 | 410 | 42.235 (1) | <0.001 | 20.249 (1) | <0.001 | 37.355 (1) | <0.001 | 33.262 (2) | <0.001 | 57.776 (2) | <0.001 | 41.058 (2) | <0.001 |
IR, interference resolution; CM, context monitoring; WM, working memory; Δχ2, difference in Satorra–Bentler scaled χ2 between nested and comparison models; Δdf, difference in degrees of freedom between nested and comparison models. Bolded values p-values represent cases where the more complex model shows significantly better model fit compared to the simpler model.