Table 3.
Summary of SENAs associated with disease severity and prognosis of ischemic stroke in human patients
| SENA | Study population | Sample type | RNA/DNA name | Findings | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miRNA |
60 HC 112 IS |
Peripheral blood leukocytes | miR-210 |
Downregulated in IS patients Expression inversely correlated with disease severity |
[445] |
| 27 IS | Plasma | miR-941, miR-449b, miR-581 | Expression positively correlates with motor function recovery | [95] | |
| miR371-3p, miR-524, miR-520 g, miR-1255A, miR-453, miR-583 | Expression negatively correlates with motor function recovery | ||||
| 329 IS | Plasma | miR-150-5p | Expression inversely correlates with mortality within 3 months after stroke | [332] | |
|
59 HC 58 IS |
Peripheral blood leukocytes | miR-29b |
Downregulated in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disability level and brain infarct volume |
[399] | |
|
23 HC 33 IS |
Plasma | miR-16 |
Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity |
[366] | |
|
102 HC 128 IS |
Serum | miR-146b |
Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disability level and infarct volume |
[53] | |
| 84 IS | Plasma | miR-124-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-192-5p | Expression positively correlates with unfavorable outcome at 3 months after stroke | [154] | |
| 94 IS | Plasma | miR-125b-5p, miR-206 | Expression positively correlates with disability level and infarct volume | [155] | |
| 58 IS | Plasma | miR-21-5p, miR-206, miR-3123 | Expression correlates with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation | [471] | |
| 84 IS | Plasma | miR-124-3p | Expression positively correlates with disease severity and mortality within 3 months after stroke | [315] | |
| miR-16 | Expression negatively correlates with disease severity and mortality | ||||
|
38 HC 76 IS |
Serum | miR-132 |
Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with post-stroke cognitive impairment |
[162] | |
|
21 HC 21 IS |
CSF | miR-9-5p, miR-9-3p, miR-124-3p, miR-128-3p | Expression positively correlates with infarct volume | [350] | |
|
110 HC 106 IS |
Plasma | miR-126, miR-378 |
Declined in IS patients Expression inversely correlates with disease severity |
[177] | |
| miR-222 |
Elevated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity |
||||
|
33 HC 50 IS |
Serum-derived exosome | miR-223 |
Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity and poor outcome at 3 months after stroke |
[51] | |
|
66 HC 65 IS |
Serum-derived exosome | miR-9, miR-124 |
Increased in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity, infarct volume and serum level of IL-6 |
[170] | |
|
42 HC 177 IS |
Serum | miR-23b-3p, miR-29b-3p |
Increased in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity |
[414] | |
| lncRNA |
189 HC 189 IS |
Peripheral blood leukocytes | MIAT |
Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity, infarct volume as well as unfavorable functional outcome at 3 months after stroke and 3-month mortality |
[478] |
|
210 HC 210 IS |
Plasma | NEAT1 |
Elevated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity and pro-inflammatory factor levels Expression is inversely associated with 36-month recurrence‐free survival |
[214] | |
|
60 HC 120 IS |
Plasma | GAS5 |
Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity and pro-inflammatory factor levels Expression is inversely associated with 36-month recurrence‐free survival |
[102] | |
|
320 HC 320 IS |
Plasma | lnc-ITSN1-2 |
Increased in IS patients Expression is positively associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines Expression is negatively associated with 36-month recurrence‐free survival |
[465] | |
|
120 HC 241 IS |
PBMC | lnc-ZFAS1 |
Downregulated in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines Expression positively correlates with 36-month recurrence‐free survival |
[390] | |
|
120 HC 120 IS |
Plasma | MALAT1 |
Reduced in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines Expression positively correlates with 42-month recurrence‐free survival |
[320] | |
|
153 HC 215 IS |
Peripheral blood leukocytes | MEG3 |
Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity, infarct volume as well as unfavorable functional outcome after 6 months and 6-month mortality |
[394] | |
|
160 HC 160 IS |
Blood CD4+ T cells | UCA1 |
Elevated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity, pro-inflammatory factor levels and Th17 cell proportion Expression is inversely associated with 36-month recurrence‐free survival |
[319] | |
|
25 HC 36 IS |
Plasma | H19 |
Increased in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity and TNF-α levels |
[393] | |
|
95 HC 103 IS |
Plasma | NORAD |
Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity, MMP9 levels and mortality within 3 months after stroke |
[226] | |
|
125 HC 126 IS |
Plasma | ANRIL |
Decreased in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disease severity and pro-inflammatory factor levels |
[106] | |
|
51 HC 181 IS |
Serum | NEAT1 |
Increased in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disease severity |
[9] | |
| GAS5 |
Reduced in IS patients Expression negatively correlates with disease severity |
||||
| HOTAIR |
Declined in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity |
||||
|
60 HC 120 IS |
PBMC | SNHG16 |
Downregulated in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory factors |
[418] | |
|
215 HC 215 IS |
Plasma | HULC |
Upregulated in IS patients Expression is positively associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines Expression negatively correlates with 36-month recurrence‐free survival |
[50] | |
| circRNA |
100 HC 200 IS |
Plasma | circFUNDC1, circPDS5B, circCDC14A |
Elevated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with unfavorable functional outcome at 3 months after stroke |
[486] |
|
160 HC 160 IS |
PBMC | circHECTD1 |
Increased in IS patients Expression is positively associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but inversely correlates with 46-month recurrence‐free survival |
[299] | |
| cfDNA | 91 IS | Plasma | cfDNA | Concentration positively correlates with unfavorable functional outcome at 3 months and 3-months mortality | [135] |
| 26 IS | Plasma | cfDNA | Concentration is positively associated with disease severity and poor outcome at 3 months | [378] | |
| 54 IS | Plasma | cfDNA | Concentration positively correlates with disease severity and unfavorable outcome at 3 months | [379] | |
|
50 HC 50 IS |
Plasma | nucDNA | Concentration positively correlates with disease severity | [372] |
cfDNA: cell-free DNA; circRNA: circular RNA; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; GAS5: growth arrest-specific 5; HC: healthy control; HECTD1: HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1; HOTAIR: HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA; IS: ischemic stroke; lnc-ITSN1-2: long non‐coding RNA intersectin 1‐2; lncRNA: long non-coding RNA; MALAT1: metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1; MEG3: maternally expressed gene 3; MIAT: myocardial infarction-associated transcript; miRNA: microRNA; MMP9: matrix metalloproteinase-9; nucDNA: nuclear DNA; NEAT1: nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; SENA: self-extracellular nucleic acid; SNHG16: small nucleolar RNA host gene 16; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; UCA1: urothelial carcinoma-associated 1; ZFAS1: zinc finger antisense 1