Figure 1.

Hospital mortality by demographic and exposure category. Minimal differences were observed in hospital mortality for patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or mechanical ventilation (MV) only based on sex. Patients with Medicare had higher mortality in exposure groups likely related to patient age. No differences were observed in hospital mortality for patients treated with ECMO between those with Medicaid and those with private insurance (PI), despite different use rates. Only relatively small differences in mortality were observed on the basis of median income quartiles (Q). ^AIncome refers to the median income quartile for that patient’s home zip code. Cutoffs for median income quartiles vary by year. Quartile 1 indicates the lowest income level, and quartile 4 is the highest income level. Full documentation of income levels can be found at https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/db/vars/zipinc_qrtl/nrdnote.jsp.