Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 7.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Med Genet A. 2023 Mar 15;191(5):1339–1349. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63181

TABLE 1.

Crude prevalence of Turner syndrome by surveillance program and pregnancy outcome.

Program Cases
Female live births Prevalence per 10,000 live births
All cases Live births and stillbirths only Totala Live births and stillbirths only
Massachusetts 256 37 245,466 10.4 (9.2–11.8) 1.5 (1.1–2.1)
Utah 316 178 459,106 6.9 (6.2–7.7) 3.9 (3.3–4.5)
California 181 78 400,099 4.5 (3.9–5.2) 1.9 (1.6–2.4)
MACDPb 138 90 410,259 3.4 (2.8–4.0) 2.2 (1.8–2.7)
Arkansas 65 53 320,780 2.0 (1.6–2.6) 1.7 (1.3–2.2)
Texas 856 697 3,477,737 2.5 (2.3–2.6) 2.0 (1.8–2.1)
South Carolina 60 12 597,662 1.0 (0.8–1.3) 0.2 (0.1–0.4)
Total 1872 1145 5,911,109 3.2 (3.0–3.3) 1.9 (1.8–2.1)
a

Live births, stillbirths (fetal death ≥20 weeks gestation), and other pregnancy losses (elective termination at any gestational age and miscarriage <20 weeks gestation).

b

Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program.