Table 3. Characteristics of Included Studies.

Ref	First Author	Year	Place	Aim	Design and Methods	Sample Size	Average Age of Participants	Relevant Sample	Outcomes	MMAT Result
1	Lafosse	2008	Toulouse, France	To determine the significance of sexual difficulties in patients with chronic hip pain before and after surgery.	Observational study, retrospective postal questionnaires	135 THAs	Mean age: 51.8 years; age range: 22–65 years	Not specified	19% considered their sexual difficulties to be severe to extreme prior to surgery. This caused tension and unhappiness in relationships for 7% of participants.	Mixed-methods study assessment 1/5 Low quality (Appendix B)
2	Sjøveian	2017	Norway	What is the patient's experience of pain after discharge? How does the patient manage the rehabilitation process?	Qualitative study, retrospective semistructured interviews	12 total; 6 THAs	Age range: 45–83 years	1 THA	Patients experience varying degrees of pain in first 3–5 weeks after discharge.	Qualitative study assessment 5/5 High quality (Appendix B)
3	Singh	2020	New York	To determine the themes that define TJA failure from the patient's perspective. To assess whether these themes confirm the core set domains endorsed by the PROMs OMERACT.	Observational, qualitative, retrospective study, nominal group method	42 total; 21 THAs	Mean age: 66 years	n = 7, not specified if THA or TKA	When defining a failure of total joint replacement, the themes that ranked highest with participants were as follows: (1) pain; (2) adverse postoperative effects; (3) unable to resume normal activities or return to work; (4) little or no improvement in quality of life; and (5) early revision surgery	Qualitative study assessment 5/5 High quality (Appendix B)
4	Goodman	2020	New York	What results matter the most to a patient undergoing/having a knee or hip arthroplasty?	Observational, qualitative, retrospective study, nominal group method	45 total; 20 THAs	Mean age: 65 years	7 THAs	All participant groups ranked the same top three outcomes, though responses varied with age. The younger participant groups rated restored quality of life (including social life) as second in importance and improved function as third.	Qualitative study assessment 5/5 High quality (Appendix B)
5	Fujita	2006	Saga City, Japan	To describe OA patients' experience before and after THA to have a better understanding of patients' perspectives on THA.	Observational, qualitative study, retrospective semistructured interviews	20 THAs	Age range: 45–91 years	3 THAs	Participants reported the following: -Life restricted by pain and disability -Inferiority complex relating to disability -Difficulties with daily activities -Distress over body image	Qualitative study assessment 5/5 High quality (Appendix B)
6	Strickland	2017	Oxford, United Kingdom	To explore patients' perspective of surgery and early recovery when undergoing a lower-limb (hip or knee) arthroplasty.	Qualitative study, perioperative open semistructured interviews	30 total; 16 THAs	Age range: 45-92 years	Not specified	Reported themes consisted of the following: Improving function and mobility Pain Experiences of healthcare Support from others Involvement and understanding of care decisions Behavior and coping Fatigue and sleeping	Qualitative study assessment 5/5 High quality (Appendix B)
7	Demierre	2011	Lausanne, Switzerland	To explore the patient illness experience from the moment the decision is made to perform arthroplasty.	Qualitative study, semistructured interviews	24 total, 12 THAs	Mean age: 57 years	Not specified	Reported themes consisted of the following: Pain consequences generating limitations in functional, psychological, and social aspects. Ambivalence toward pain medication	Qualitative study assessment 5/5 High quality (Appendix B)
8	Berg	2019	Sweden	To explore patients' perspective and experiences of undergoing THA and TKA surgery within the entire fast track care process.	Qualitative study, retrospective semistructured interviews	24 total; 13 THAs	Age range: 44–85 years	1 THR	The importance of person-centered care. Focus on management of daily life, rehabilitation, and recovery. Uncertainty over whether the patient's progress was normal and questions over unfulfilled expectations.	Qualitative study assessment 3/5 (Appendix B)
9	Montin	2002	Finland	To explore the experience of THA patients of being a patient, care received, and of the healthcare organization.	Qualitative study, retrospective semistructured interviews	17 THAs	Age range: 22–79 years	Not specified	Reported themes consisted of the following: Pain, rest, and mobility were major physical experiences	Qualitative study assessment 2/5 (Appendix B)

Note. OA = osteoarthritis; PROMs = Patient Reported Outcome Measures; THA = total hip arthoplasty; TJA = total joint arthoplasty; TKA = total knee arthoplasty.