Table 2.

Risk of bias assessment of studies based on Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist

References	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5	Q6	Q7	Q8	Q9	Q10	Q11	Total score
Yildirim et al.19	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	11
Oksuz et al.20	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	9
Aksoy et al.21	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	10
Toporak22	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	10

JBI checklist questions for cohort studies:

1. Were the two groups similar and recruited from the same population? 2. Were the exposures measured similarly to assign people to both exposed and unexposed groups? 3. Was the exposure measured in a valid and reliable way? 4.Were confounding factors identified? 5. Were strategies to deal with confounding factors stated? 6. Were the groups/participants free of the outcome at the start of the study (or at the moment of exposure)? 7. Were the outcomes measured in a valid and reliable way? 8. Was the follow up time reported and sufficient to be long enough for outcomes to occur? 9. Was follow up complete, and if not, were the reasons to loss to follow up described and explored? 10. Were strategies to address incomplete follow up utilized? 11. Was appropriate statistical analysis used?