Table 3.

Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for non-Hodgkin lymphoma with chronic lymphocytic leukemia for 20-y lagged cumulative REC exposure and average REC intensity in the DEMS II cohort (USA, $N=\mathrm{12,315}$, 1947–2015).

Total cohort $\text{Person-years}=\mathrm{279,050}$			Ever-underground $\text{Person-years}=\mathrm{182,142}$			Surface-only $\text{Person-years}=\mathrm{96,908}$
Exposure metric	Deaths ($n$)	HR (95% CI)a	Exposure metric	Deaths ($n$)	HR (95% CI)b	Exposure metric	Deaths ($n$)	HR (95% CI)b
Cumulative REC (${\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{m}}^3\text{-y}$)
$0\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<32.52$	17	1.0	$0\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<837.67$	13	1.0	$0\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<12.71$	10	1.0
$35.52\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<\mathrm{1,558.19}$	17	1.41 (0.57, 3.51)	$837.67\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<\mathrm{2,844.08}$	12	1.84 (0.78, 4.34)	$12.71\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<22.26$	4	0.97 (0.28, 3.35)
$\ge \mathrm{1,558.19}$	12	3.12 (1.00, 9.79)*	$\le \mathrm{2,844.08}$	4	1.73 (0.51, 5.91)	$\ge 22.26$	3	0.41 (0.10, 1.69)
$p_{\text{Trend}}$-Valuec	—	0.031*	—	—	0.307	—	—	0.216
Continuousd	46	1.25 (1.00, 1.54)*	Continuousd	29	1.34 (1.03, 1.74)*	Continuousd	17	0.72 (0.42, 1.23)
Average REC (${\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{m}}^3$)
$0\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<2.50$	17	1.0	$0\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<58.61$	10	1.0	$0\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<0.87$	9	1.0
$2.50\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<91.98$	13	2.33 (0.81, 6.65)	$58.61\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<143.48$	8	1.51 (0.55, 4.14)	$0.87\text{\hspace{0.17em}to}<1.39$	5	0.98 (0.29, 3.29)
$\ge 91.98$	16	4.45 (1.32, 14.98)*	$\ge 143.48$	11	2.51 (0.94, 6.71)	$\ge 1.39$	3	0.50 (0.12, 2.10)
$p_{\text{Trend}}$-Valuec	—	0.032*	—	—	0.066	—	—	0.311
Continuouse	46	1.29 (0.99, 1.69)	Continuouse	29	1.29 (0.97, 1.72)	Continuouse	17	0.43 (0.08, 2.28)

Note: —, not applicable; CI, confidence interval; DEMS, Diesel Exhaust in Miners Study; HR, hazard ratio; REC, respirable elemental carbon.

^a Models adjusted for birth year and worker location. Excluding individuals with $<5$-y tenure.

^b Models adjusted for birth year. Excluding individuals with $<5$-y tenure.

^c Tests for linear trend were calculated using the median value (provided in Table S6) for each exposure category as continuous.

^d Log ${\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{m}}^3\text{-y}$.

^e Log ${\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{m}}^3$.