Fig. 7.

Summary of proportions of neurons modulated across timeframes in PL and IL during self-administration, early and late extinction, and cue- and cocaine prime-induced reinstatement (see Methods for analysis epochs). a Proportions of neurons significantly excited (positive bars) and inhibited (negative bars) in each area at each stage. Of note, many neurons in both PL and IL exhibit activity significantly related to the lever press during self-administration, and this declines (in an equivalent fashion) over the course of extinction. In both cue- and prime-induced reinstatement, both PL and IL neurons are significantly responsive although, as shown in Fig. 6, the magnitude of response is significantly greater in PL vs. IL during cocaine-primed and, to a lesser degree, during cue-primed reinstatement. b Proportions of neurons significantly excited (positive bars) or inhibited (negative bars) across the entire session relative to pre-session baseline. Note the large proportion of neurons with significant session-long inhibition during cocaine-seeking epochs (self-administration and reinstatement sessions), and the overall diminution of modulation during extinction. c Proportions of neurons with tonic activity that was significantly positively (positive bars) or negatively (negative bars) correlated with patterns lever press at each stage of recording. Note that during extinction and reinstatement cocaine was not delivered (except for a priming injection in cocaine-induced reinstatement). Thus, significantly correlated activity in these stages likely reflects motivation- or response execution-related mPFC activity