Table 2. Uni- and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis findings for persistence of hematospermia before and after propensity score matching.
| Factors | All patients (n=198) | Patients after matching (n=120) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||||||
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||||
| Age | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.997 | – | – | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.483 | – | – | |||
| Hypertension | 1.02 (0.71–1.46) | 0.919 | – | – | 0.97 (0.55–1.72) | 0.921 | – | – | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.93 (0.54–1.61) | 0.790 | – | – | 0.90 (0.45–1.79) | 0.762 | – | – | |||
| Prostate volume | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.394 | – | – | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0.740 | – | – | |||
| Prostate imaging findings, any | 1.55 (1.14–2.11) | 0.006 | 1.49 (1.09–2.04) | 0.012 | 1.58 (1.09–2.28) | 0.016 | 1.55 (1.04–2.31) | 0.033 | |||
| Prostate imaging findings, SVH | 1.36 (0.91–2.04) | 0.134 | – | – | 1.41 (0.84–2.38) | 0.197 | – | – | |||
| Prostate imaging findings, MLCs | 1.47 (0.89–2.43) | 0.136 | – | – | 1.57 (0.87–2.83) | 0.135 | – | – | |||
| Prostate imaging findings, inflammation | 1.19 (0.66–2.16) | 0.560 | – | – | 1.01 (0.49–2.01) | 0.985 | – | – | |||
| Prostate imaging findings, SVD | 1.10 (0.54–2.25) | 0.786 | – | – | 1.06 (0.39–2.89) | 0.913 | – | – | |||
| Prostate imaging findings, others | 1.32 (0.58–2.98) | 0.508 | – | – | 1.37 (0.60–3.13) | 0.458 | – | – | |||
| Hemoglobin | 1.02 (0.92–1.14) | 0.657 | – | – | 1.01 (0.86–1.17) | 0.934 | – | – | |||
| WBC | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.108 | – | – | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.195 | – | – | |||
| Platelets | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.499 | – | – | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.206 | – | – | |||
| Albumin | 0.84 (0.55–1.28) | 0.416 | – | – | 1.08 (0.61–1.91) | 0.801 | – | – | |||
| Blood urea nitrogen | 0.99 (0.96–1.02) | 0.418 | – | – | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) | 0.790 | – | – | |||
| Creatinine | 0.99 (0.78–1.26) | 0.950 | – | – | 1.22 (0.39–2.88) | 0.734 | – | – | |||
| Aspartate transferase | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.653 | – | – | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) | 0.597 | – | – | |||
| Alanine transferase | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.770 | – | – | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.489 | – | – | |||
| Urinalysis, pH | 0.83 (0.71–0.97) | 0.017 | 0.85 (0.73–0.99) | 0.038 | 0.74 (0.60–0.91) | 0.004 | 0.75 (0.61–0.92) | 0.006 | |||
| Urinalysis, RBC (≥5/HPF) | 1.01 (0.66–1.55) | 0.958 | – | – | 0.61 (0.32–1.14) | 0.120 | – | – | |||
| Urinalysis: WBC (≥5/HPF) | 0.68 (0.41–1.13) | 0.139 | – | – | 0.69 (0.35–1.37) | 0.290 | – | – | |||
| Treatment, any | 1.00 (0.74–1.35) | 0.998 | – | – | 1.16 (0.77–1.73) | 0.481 | – | – | |||
| Treatment, antibiotic | 1.00 (0.74–1.35) | 0.982 | – | – | 1.10 (0.72–1.55) | 0.780 | – | – | |||
| Treatment, hemostatic agent | 1.25 (0.89–1.76) | 0.199 | – | – | 1.26 (0.82–1.94) | 0.295 | – | – | |||
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; SVH, seminal vesicle hemorrhage; MLC, midline cysts; SVD, seminal vesicle dilation; RBC, red blood cells; WBC, white blood cells.