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. 2023 Aug 7;10:36. doi: 10.1186/s40580-023-00385-3

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Schematic of the gene delivery process, highlighting pDNA and mRNA pathways. The diagram illustrates the utilization of exogenous mRNA encoding a target antigen, which results in protein translation and peptide presentation through MHC Class I and II molecules. This process activates both cellular and humoral immune responses, ultimately contributing to tumor elimination