TABLE 4.
Laboratory measurement of 10 urinary phthalate metabolites concentrations and distribution.
| Phthalate metabolite | LOD (ng/mL) | LOQ (ng/mL) | Study samples (n = 177) measured ≥ LOQ n (%) | Cases (n = 107) median (IQR) | Controls (n = 70) median (IQR) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMP | 0.3 | 1.0 | 88 (49.7) | 275.3 (0.2–522.9) | 0.2 (0.2–0.8) | <0.001 |
| MMP | 0.6 | 2.0 | 94 (53.1) | 46.1 (0.4–118.0) | 0.4 (0.4–83.1) | 0.001 |
| DEP | 5.0 | 1.7 | 87 (49.2) | 35.7 (3.5–70.6) | 3.5 (3.4–30.2) | 0.003 |
| MEP | 1.0 | 3.3 | 84 (47.5) | 20.6 (0.7–132.6) | 0.7 (0.7–55.6) | 0.002 |
| DBP | 0.7 | 2.3 | 109 (61.6) | 79.0 (0.5–786.5) | 30.4 (0.5–174.9) | 0.041 |
| MBP | 1.0 | 3.3 | 110 (62.1) | 483.5 (40.9–1,441.8) | 0.7 (0.7–570.2) | <0.001 |
| BBzP | 0.4 | 1.3 | 67 (37.9) | 0.3 (0.3–96.1) | 0.3 (0.3–29.7) | 0.009 |
| MBzP | 1.1 | 3.7 | 73 (41.2) | 0.8 (0.8–435.4) | 0.8 (0.8–210.0) | 0.052 |
| DEHP | 0.6 | 2.0 | 114 (64.4) | 207.3 (118.0–323.6) | <LOD | <0.001 |
| MEHP | 0.9 | 3.0 | 65 (36.7) | 37.5 (0.6–165.4) | <LOD | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: LOD: limit of detection; LOQ: limit of quantification; IQR: ¼ interquartile range.