Table 2.
Mental health outcomes by group
| Chatbot group (n=68) | Usual care group (n=84) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | BL M(SD) | 6-wk M(SD) | Change score | BL M(SD) | 6-wk M(SD) | Change score | P value |
| Entire Sample | |||||||
| PHQ-9 | 4.41 (4.29) | 3.09 (3.02) | −1.32 (3.40) |
3.36 (3.05) | 3.23 (3.84) | −0.13 (3.01) | .025a |
| EPDS | 5.51 (4.70) | 4.88 (5.26) | −0.63 (5.29) | 5.37 (4.20) | 4.61 (5.20) | −0.76 (4.11) | .87 |
| GAD-7 | 4.04 (3.41) | 3.32 (3.85) |
−0.72 (3.35) | 3.60 (3.71) | 3.63 (4.45) | .036 (3.78) | .19 |
| Elevated Sample | |||||||
| PHQ-9 (≥5) | 8.18 (4.29); n=28 | 4.93 (3.27) |
−3.25 (4.17) | 7.07 (2.35); n=27 | 6.52 (4.61) | −0.55(4.60) | .027a |
| EPDS (≥10) | 12.43 (2.53); n=14 | 8.64 (5.45) | −3.79 (6.33) | 11.94 (2.17); n=16 | 9.44 (5.91) | −2.50 (5.03) | .55 |
BL, baseline; EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; although there is no universal threshold, an EPDS score of 10 is a common screening positive threshold for possible depression; GAD, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; the GAD-7 is scored identically to PHQ-9, 0-4=minimal or no anxiety, 5-9=mild anxiety, 10-14=moderate anxiety, and 15+=moderately-severe or severe anxiety; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; scores of 0-4=minimal/no depression, 5-9=mild depression, 10-14=moderate depression, 15+=moderately-severe or severe depression.
aXXX.
Suharwardy. Randomized controlled trial of a postpartum mental health chatbot. Am J Obstet Gynecol Glob Rep 2023.