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. 2023 Apr 13;102(10):102713. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102713

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© 2023 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Effects of melittin on the cecal microbiota diversity in heat-stressed quails. (A) Chao index, (B) ACE index, (C) Venn diagram, (D) Shannon index, (E) Simpson index (the larger the index value, the lower the community diversity), (F) β-diversity analysis of microbial communities using principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) based on OTUs, (G) NMDS based on Bray-Curtis distance. Abbreviation: ACE, abundance-based coverage estimator. W, control group; WH, heat stress group; WHA2, heat stress + melittin group. ns, P > 0.05; *, P < 0.05.