Table 2.
Predictors of GAD_7, PHQ_9, and AIS among COVID-19 patients
| GAD_7 | PHQ_9 | AIS | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor | Beta | t | p | Beta | t | p | Beta | t | p | |||
| SSRS | ||||||||||||
| Objective support | -0.159 | 2.722 | 0.007 | -0.170 | 2.940 | 0.003 | -0.133 | 2.311 | 0.021 | |||
| Subjective support | 0.056 | 0.828 | 0.408 | 0.001 | 0.013 | 0.990 | -0.030 | 0.446 | 0.656 | |||
| Support utilization | 0.004 | 0.060 | 0.952 | 0.028 | 0.427 | 0.670 | 0.076 | 1.181 | 0.238 | |||
| SCSQ | ||||||||||||
| Positive coping | -0.258 | 3.759 | 0.000 | -0.303 | 4.456 | 0.000 | -0.215 | 3.176 | 0.002 | |||
| Negative coping | 0.152 | 2.709 | 0.007 | 0.184 | 3.303 | 0.001 | 0.062 | 1.120 | 0.263 | |||
| ERQ | ||||||||||||
| Cognitive appraisal | 0.097 | 1.486 | 0.138 | 0.102 | 1.585 | 0.114 | 0.090 | 1.391 | 0.165 | |||
| Expressive suppression | -0.046 | 0.744 | 0.458 | -0.082 | 1.336 | 0.183 | -0.049 | 0.803 | 0.422 | |||
| Sex | 0.093 | 1.824 | 0.069 | 0.067 | 1.331 | 0.184 | 0.094 | 1.874 | 0.062 | |||
| Education level | 0.191 | 3.516 | 0.000 | 0.188 | 3.492 | 0.001 | 0.299 | 5.595 | 0.000 | |||
| Marital status | 0.140 | 2.307 | 0.022 | 0.067 | 1.115 | 0.266 | 0.066 | 1.112 | 0.267 | |||
| Employment status | -0.066 | 1.236 | 0.217 | -0.041 | 0.770 | 0.442 | -0.043 | 0.810 | 0.418 | |||
| Oral medication | -0.066 | 1.320 | 0.188 | -0.076 | 1.507 | 0.133 | -0.032 | 0.623 | 0.533 | |||
| Hospital stays | 0.098 | 1.954 | 0.051 | 0.049 | 0.977 | 0.329 | 0.054 | 1.057 | 0.291 | |||
| Illness severity | 0.181 | 3.630 | 0.000 | 0.161 | 3.200 | 0.001 | 0.114 | 2.240 | 0.026 | |||
Abbreviations: COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019; GAD, Generalized Anxiety Disorder; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire; AIS, Athens Insomnia Scale; SSRS, Social Support Rating Scale; SCSQ, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire; ERQ, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire.