Table 1.
Description of the study cohorts used in the meta-analysis
| Study | Disease | Intervention | Intervention information | Duration (days) | Number subjects/samples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mehta et al., 2018 [13] | Healthy | No intervention | - | - | 140/560 |
| Poyet et al., 2019 [14] | Healthy | No intervention | - | - | 91/558 |
| Palleja et al., 2018 [15] | Healthy | Antibiotics | Meropenem, Gentamicin, and Vancomycin | 4 | 12/24 |
| Raymond et al., 2015 [16] | Healthy | Antibiotics | Cefprozil | 7 | 18/36 |
| Willmann et al., 2019 [17] | Hematological-Oncological disease | Antibiotics | Ciprofloxacin | 6 | 20/40 |
| Cotrimoxazole | 21/42 | ||||
| Louis et al., 2016 [18] | Obesity | Exercise/Dietary | Multidisciplinary weight-loss program (OPTIFAST® 52, Nestlé Inc.): psychology, medicine, dietetics (very low-calorie diet), and exercise | 84 | 14/28 |
| Mardinoglu et al., 2018 [19] | Obesity with NAFLD | Dietary | Low-carbohydrate diet with increased protein content | 14 | 10/20 |
| Zhao et al., 2018 [20] | T2D | Dietary | High fiber diet composed of whole grains, traditional Chinese medicinal foods, and prebiotics | 84 | 71/142 |
| Ni et al., (in press) [21] | NAFLD | Dietary | Diet with high resistant starch type II content | 120 | 50/100 |
| Liu et al., 2020 [9] | Prediabetes | Exercise | Exercise activity 3 days/week as a combined aerobic and strength training program | 84 | 20/40 |