Table 1.
Example of Inorganic-Based Nanomaterials for NIR-Triggered PD, PT, SD, Magnetic Hyperthermia or Combined Therapies.
| Inorganic material | Surface modification | Targeting agent | Drug | Application | Tumour type | Model | References# |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon nanoparticles | - | - | - | PTT/photoacustic imaging | Prostate cancer | In vitro / in vivo | 55 |
| Carbon nanoparticles | - | - | - | PTT | Lung cancer | In vitro | 56 |
| GO-C60 | Methoxypolyethylene glycol | - | - | PDT/PTT | HeLa cell | In vitro | 57 |
| Single-walled carbon nanohorns | Indocyanine green | - | - | PTT/PDT | Breast cancer | In vitro | 58 |
| SWCNTs/Au nanorods | PEGylated phospholipids | - | - | PTT/imaging | Breast cancer | In vivo | 59 |
| SWCNTs/MWCTs | Tripeptide lipid/sucrose laurate - | - | siRNA | PTT/gene therapy | Cervical cancer | In vitro / in vivo | 60 |
| GO | Gelatine/bovine serum albumine | - | Doxorubicin | PTT/ chemotherapy |
Breast cancer | In vitro | 61 |
| Graphene | PEG | PTT | Breast cancer | In vivo | 62 | ||
| CNT/AgNPs | PEG | - | - | PTT | Melanoma | In vitro / in vivo | 63 |
| r-GO/Au nanocages | Spinach extract hydrogel | - | - | PTT/PDT/chemotherapy | HeLa cells | In vitro | 64 |
| Au nanorods | PEG | Lactoferrin | - | PTT | Liver cancer | In vitro / in vivo | 65 |
| Au nanocages | Liposome | - | - | PTT/ chemotherapy |
Breast cancer | In vitro /in vivo | 66 |
| Au nanorods | PEG | - | - | PTT | In vitro / in vivo | 67 | |
| Au nanorods | PEG | - | - | PTT | Squamous cell carcinoma | In vitro | 68 |
| Au nanorods | Polyamidoamine dendrimer | RGD | - | PTT | Melanoma | In vitro / in vivo | 69 |
| Au nanocages | - | Macrophage membrane and surface anti-PDL1 antibody | Galunisertib | PTT/immunotherapy | Colorectal cancer | In vitro / in vivo | 52 |
| Au stars | PVP | PTT | Prostate carcinoma | In vitro / in vivo | 70 | ||
| Au nanocages | Monoclonal antibodies | PTT | Breast cancer | In vitro | 71 | ||
| Au spheres | Targeting peptides | PTT | HSC-3 and HaCaT cells | In vitro | 72 | ||
| Au-TiO2 nanoparticle | Doxorubicin | PDT | MCF-7, breast cancer cell line | In vitro | 73 | ||
| Au nanochains@SiO2 | Photoacoustic imaging/PTT | Breast cancer | In vivo and in vitro | 74 | |||
| AgNPs | PEG /bovine serum albumin/ indocyanine green | - | - | PTT | Melanoma | In vitro / in vivo | 75 |
| Ag@Fe3O4@C NPs | PEG | FA | Doxorubicin | PTT/chemotherapy | HeLa cells | In vitro and in vivo | 76 |
| Indium NPs | PEG | Photoacoustic imaging/PTT | Breast cancer | In vitro and in vivo | 77 | ||
| Porous Pt NPs | Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) | - | - | PTT | Glioblastoma | In vitro | 78 |
| Pt NPs | - | TPP peptides | PTT | HepG2 cells/ | In vitro / in vivo | 79 | |
| Pt NPs | - | - | - | PTT | Colon cancer | In vitro | 80 |
| Pt NPs | PVP | - | - | PTT | Bone metastasis | In vitro / in vivo | 81 |
| Au spheres | folate-PEG | SDT | KB and HCT-116 cells | In vitro | 20 | ||
| gold nanoparticle–protoporphyrin IX | SDT | Colon carcinoma tumors in BALB/c mice | In vivo | 82 | |||
| AuNP@SiO2 | PEG-perfluorohexane | High intensity focused ultrasound surgical therapy-ultrasound (US) imaging | rabbit VX2 xenograft tumor | Ex vivo / in vivo | 83 | ||
| Iron oxide | 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000 | Magnetic hyperthermia | Mouse xenograft tumour model for glioblastoma multiforme | In vivo | 25 | ||
| Iron oxide | Polyethylenimine | Magnetic hyperthermia | Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells | In vitro | 84 | ||
| Iron oxide | Chitosan-based nanomicelles | Anti-αvβ3 integrin antibody | Doxorubicin | Magnetic hyperthermia / magnetic particle imaging | MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells | In vitro | 85 |
| Iron oxide | Polyethylene glycol | Magnetic hyperthermia / magnetic particle imaging | Mice - tumor xenografts: U87MG and MDA-MB-231-Luc cell | In vivo | 86 |
Abbreviations: CNT, carbon nanotube; GO, graphene oxide; PEG, polyethylene glycol; PTT, photothermal therapy; PVP, polyvinylpyrrolidone; r-GO, reduced GO; SDT, sonodynamic therapy; siRNA, small interfering RNA; SWCNTs, single-walled carbon nanotubes; TPP, triphenyl phosphonium; PDT, photodynamic therapy.; RGD, arginylglycylaspartic acid; FA, folic acid.