TABLE 1.
Impact of Once-Weekly GLP-1 RAs on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Change from Baseline (Ranges Reported in Clinical Studies)
| Range of Mean Changes from Baseline Reported in Published Studies | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1c (Mean Absolute Change), % | Weight (kg) | Waist Circumference (cm) | Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | LDL-C (mg/dL and/or % change)a | HDL-C (mg/dL and/or % change)a,b | Triglycerides (mg/dL and/or % change)b | |
| Short-term studies (≤ 30 weeks) | |||||||
| Exenatide ER22-29 | |||||||
| 2.0 mg | -0.9 to -1.9 | -2.0 to -3.7 | -2.1 to -2.7 | -1.3 to -4.7 | +0.5 to -6.4 | -0.4 to +0.4 | -3.2/-4% to -15% |
| Dulaglutide30-36 | |||||||
| 0.75 mg | -0.7 to -1.6 | +0.2 to -1.4 | NR | -0.4 to -2.6 | -0.9 to -1.4/-3% | +0.4 to 0.5/+4% | -1.4 to -2.5/-2% |
| 1.5 mg | -0.8 to -1.6 | -0.9 to -2.9 | NR | +0.1 to -3.4 | -2.0 to -3.2/-7% | +0.2 to +1.1/+2% | -3.2 to -3.6/-2% |
| Semaglutide37-39 | |||||||
| 0.5 mg | -1.2 to -1.5 | -3.5 to -3.7 | -3.2 to -3.7 | -2.6 to -4.7 | 0% to -4% | -2% to +2% | -8% to -11% |
| 1.0 mg | -1.5 to -1.8 | -4.5 to -6.4 | -4.1 to -4.5 | -2.7 to -7.3 | -5% to -8% | -1% to 0% | -8% to -13% |
| Long-term studies (≥ 52 weeks) | |||||||
| Exenatide ER40-45 | |||||||
| 2.0 mg | -1.0 to -2.0 | -1.5 to -4.2 | -2.0 | +1.7 to -6.2 | -3.1 to -9.1 | -0.7 to +2.6 | +18.4 to -8/-12% to -15% |
| Dulaglutide30-33,46,47 | |||||||
| 0.75 mg | -0.6 to -1.4 | -1.3 to -2.6 | NR | +1.6 to -2.7 | + 0.4 to -1.4/-1% to -2% | -0.4 to +1.3/+2% to +4% | +0.7 to -2.9/+6% to -1% |
| 1.5 mg | -0.7 to -1.5 | -1.9 to -3.0 | NR | +0.8 to -0.8 | +1.1 to -1.1/-2% | 0 to +0.9/+2% to +5% | +0.9 to -4.7/+3% to -4% |
| Semaglutide48-50 | |||||||
| 0.5 mg | -1.3 | -3.6 to -4.3 | -4.3 | -3.4 to -5.1 | -3% | -1% | -7% |
| 1.0 mg | -1.5 to -1.6 | -4.9 to -6.1 | -3.1 to -5.9 | -4.6 to -5.6 | -2% to -5% | +1% to +2% | -8% to -15% |
a Expressed as mg/dL if reported as mg/dL or mmol/L; expressed as % if reported only as a percentage change from baseline; if reported in some studies as mg/dL or mmol/L and in others as %, then expressed as mg/dL/%.
b Note that, unlike other outcomes, reported in order from negative to positive because an increase from baseline in HDL-C is desirable.
ER= extended release; GLP-1 RA = glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NR = not reported.