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. 2017 Apr;23(4-a Suppl):10.18553/jmcp.2017.23.4-a.s2a. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2017.23.4-a.s2a

TABLE 2.

Patients on Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitor Therapy

Measure CKD Patients HF Patients Patients with CKD and HF
Optimal Dose n = 850 Suboptimal Dose n = 1,924 Optimal Dose n = 816 Suboptimal Dose n = 2,610 Optimal Dose n = 184 Suboptimal Dose n = 507
Medical utilization mean (SD) [median] Inpatient visits 1.0
(0.0)
[1.0]		 1.2
(0.4)
[1.0]		   1.4
(1.1)
[1.0]		 1.5
(0.8)
[1.0]		   1.0
(0)
[1.0]		 1.1
(0.3)
[1.0]		  
LOS 7.2
(6.8)
[6.0]		 6.2
(5.4)
[4.0]		   11.6
(9.2)
[9.0]		 6.8
(6.6)
[5.0]		 b 15.0
(0)
[15.0]		 7.4
(3.9)
[7.0]		  
ED visits 1.9
(1.7)
[1.0]		 2.0
(1.6)
[1.0]		   2.5
(2.3)
[2.0]		 2.4
(2.2)
[2.0]		   2.9
(2.4)
[2.0]		 3.0
(2.5)
[2.0]		  
Office/OP visits 12.8
(12.1)
[8.0]		 14.8
(12.9)
[11.5]		 b 14.2
(12.4)
[10.0]		 18.8
(14.0)
[15.0]		 b 18.9
(15.0)
[15.0]		 25.8
(16.9)
[23.0]		 b
Medical costa mean (SD)[median] Overall cost, $ 9,747
(37,108)
[2,092]		 10,259
(26,453)
[3,121]		   12,752
(22,907)
[4,144]		 19,230
(41,350)
[8,289]		 b 22,672
(37,180)
[7,762]		 30,956
(69,275)
[12,749]		 b
Overall pharmacy costa and utilization mean (SD) [median] Fills per patient 54.6
(36.1)
[48.0]		 43.1
(29.8)
[35.0]		 b 49.7
(32.9)
[41.0]		 38.6
(27.6)
[32.0]		 b 55.8
(37.0)
[47.0]		 47.4
(33.3)
[39.0]		 b
Cost per fill, $ 142.7
(767.8)
[18.8]		 142.1
(639.6)
[16.8]		   114.8
(522.3)
[15.2]		 124.7
(644.5)
[12.2]		   117.1
(701.6)
[17.1]		 105.6
(345.9)
[14.8]		  

aCosts reported in U.S. dollars.

bIndicates statistical significance (P < 0.05).

CKD = chronic kidney disease; ED = emergency department; HF = heart failure; LOS = length of stay (in days); OP = outpatient; SD = standard deviation.