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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 8.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Nurs Stud. 2022 Apr 22;132:104259. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104259

Table 3.

Impact of Nursing Staff, Patient with Dementia, and Observational Characteristics on Elderspeak Use by Nursing Staff

Variable Estimate SE DF t 95% CI p
Intercept 0.060 0.080 50 0.76 −0.100, 0.220 .453
Role (Ref: Nurse)
 Nursing Assistant 0.111 0.076 46 1.45 −0.043, 0.265 .153
Age of staff by year 0.013 0.004 44 3.39 0.005, 0.021 .002
Role*Age of Staff
 Nursing Assistant −0.013 0.005 45 −2.79 −0.023, −0.004 .008
Delirium (Ref: No)
 Yes 0.125 0.055 60 2.30 0.016, 0.235 .025
Length of stay in days 0.015 0.007 65 2.15 0.001, 0.035 .035