Table 4. The relationship between quantitative demographic variables and stages of change .

Variable	Stage of change			P value
	Post-preparation	Preparation	Preparatory
Age	45.72 ± 11.64	45.19 ± 11.67	42.13 ± 11.74	0.001
Education	5.81 ± 4.98	6.20 ± 5.57	7.71 ± 4.78	< 0.001
Education of spouse	4.60 ± 3.45	5.84 ± 4.81	5.22 ± 4.87	0.017
Family members	2.64 ± 1.55	3.49 ± 1.30	3.38 ± 1.40	< 0.001
Number of attempts to quit	1.92 ± 1.51	2.68 ± 1.77	2.05 ± 0.89	< 0.001