Table 5.
Means and comparisons between preterm groups and full-term groups by WISC dimensions.
| VCI M (SD) | PRI M (SD) | WMI M (SD) | PSI M (SD) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FT | Dif. | PT | FT | Dif. | PT | FT | Dif. | PT | FT | Dif. | ||
| GA CLASSIFICATION | |||||||||||||
| All PT | Carmo et al. (2022)a | 100.0 (13.9) | 99.0 (15.6) | 90.0 (13.3) | 93.3 (14.4) | ||||||||
| Domellöf et al. (2020) | 96.0 (10.1) | 102.8 (10.3) | 10.21 (0.002) | 101.1 (14.2) | 109.5 (11.3) | 11.43 (0.001) | 87.3 (12.0) | 92.6 (11.2) | 5.63 (0.019) | 95.3 (14.0) | 97.4 (12.2) | 0.46 (0.501) | |
| Fan et al. (2013)a | 98.6 (12.9) | 98.8 (16.4) | NR | 94.4 (12.8) | |||||||||
| Kaul et al. (2021b) | 99.8 (14.6) | 105.6 (11.2) | NR (>0.001) | 99.6 (15.8) | 103.2 (10.0) | NR (>0.05) | 85.3 (13.4) | 90.2 (11.6) | NR (>0.001) | 92.2 (14.8) | 94.2 (11.6) | NR (>0.05) | |
| EPT | Grunewaldt et al. (2014)a | 109.0 (98.1) | 104.0 (92.1) | 103.0 (91.1) | 112.0 (100.1) | ||||||||
| Hutchinson et al. (2013) | 93.1 (14.3) | 103.2 (12.6) | −7.1 (< 0.001) | 95.9 (16.8) | 108.2 (12.8) | −7.7 (< 0.001) | 94.0 (16.3) | 102.4 (12.9) | 25.5 (< 0.001) | 94.7 (15.9) | 101.1 (11.9) | 24.3 (< 0.001) | |
| Kaul et al. (2021a) | 92.2 (14.4) | 104.0 (11.5) | 10.0 (< 0.001) | 89.7 (14.2) | 104.8 (12.7) | 13.8 (< 0.001) | 78.3 (13.1) | 90.7 (11.0) | 11.2 (< 0.001) | 85.0 (14.4) | 96.9 (12.7) | 11.5 (>0.001) | |
| Kim et al. (2021) | 94.2 (16.5) | 108.5 (11.5) | NR (>0.001) | 91.7 (19.7) | 108.5 (15.1) | NR (>0.001) | 91.2 (16.4) | 103.0 (12.6) | NR (>0.001) | 86.3 (18.1) | 99.0 (15.1) | NR (>0.001) | |
| VPT | Nyman et al. (2017)a | 90.6 (14.9) | 92.9 (16.2) | 93.5 (17.0) | 93.9 (17.0) | ||||||||
| Roberts et al. (2013)a | 90.44 (12.5) | 94.11 (14.9) | 92.69 (13.9) | 93.24 (15.0) | |||||||||
| Turpin et al. (2019) | 110.0 (13.3) | 119.8 (12.3) | 2.7 (< 0.001) | 104.12 (14.9) | 108.10 (16.03) | 0.92 (>0.005) | 96.85 (15.2) | 102.14 (9.1) | 1.59 (>0.05) | 104.45 (16.5) | 109.67 (13.4) | 1.21 (>0.05) | |
| Uusitalo et al. (2020)a | 92.1 (13.4) | 94.8 (14.6) | 95.4 (15.0) | 96.5 (15.5) | |||||||||
| Uusitalo et al. (2021)a | 89.8 (14.9) | 91.6 (17.3) | 92.2 (16.7) | 93.6 (17.6) | |||||||||
| MPT | Bogičević et al. (2019) | 104.7 (13.5) | 110.2 (12.5) | NR (>0.05) | NR | NR | 96.0 (14.8) | 104.0 (13.3) | NR (< 0.001) | ||||
| Jin et al. (2020)a | 92.70 (10.2) | 101.5 (11.1) | 92.86 (14.6) | 92.43 (13.1) | |||||||||
| Weight classification | |||||||||||||
| ELBW | Nagy et al. (2019) | 107.9 (10.9) | 112.6 (12.5) | 2.4 (0.336) | 100.9 (14.1) | 109.8 (12.6) | 3.46 (0.031) | 98.3 (13.0) | 105.7 (15.5) | 2.97 (0.130) | 96.4 (13.5) | 107.8(10.5) | 6.8 (0.004) |
| VLBW | Nagy et al. (2019) | 114.0 (8.1) | 112.6 (12.5) | 2.4 (1.00) | 105.9 (10.2) | 109.8 (12.6) | 3.46 (0.750) | 106.1 (12.6) | 105.7 (15.5) | 2.97 (1.00) | 107.0 (13.7) | 107.8(10.5) | 6.8 (1.00) |
Dif., Mean difference F, t (p); GA, gestational age; PT, Preterm infants; EPT, Extremely preterm infants (GA < 28 weeks); VPT: very preterm (GA = 28–32 weeks); MPT, moderate-to-late preterm (GA = 32–37 weeks); ELBW, Extremely low birthweight (< 1,000 g), VLBW, very low birthweight (1,000–1,500 g); NR, No reference. Only articles that provided information on these dimensions were included.
aDoes not compare with FT control group.