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. 2023 Sep 5;33(9):478–483. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20210510

Table 2. Results of regression analyses of social capital according to total sibling number among Japanese parents.

      Model 1 Model 2
Mean (SD) coefficient (95% CI) coefficient (95% CI)
Social cohesion (0–12)
 Total number of siblings 0 (only child) 7.12 (2.55) referent referent
1 7.10 (2.30) −0.07 (−0.2 to 0.14) −0.09 (−0.30 to 0.12)
2 7.17 (2.38) 0.06 (−0.15 to 0.27) 0.02 (−0.18 to 0.23)
3 7.10 (2.48) 0.02 (−0.25 to 0.29) −0.01 (−0.28 to 0.26)
≥4 6.82 (2.65) −0.29 (−0.63 to 0.06) −0.32 (−0.66 to 0.03)
Social support (0–8)
 Total number of siblings 0 (only child) 2.83 (1.89) referent referent
1 3.05 (1.94) 0.23 (0.060.40) 0.22 (0.050.40)
2 3.29 (2.04) 0.46 (0.290.64) 0.46 (0.280.63)
3 2.99 (1.86) 0.16 (−0.06 to 0.39) 0.17 (−0.05 to 0.40)
≥4 2.86 (1.89) 0.05 (−0.24 to 0.34) 0.08 (−0.21 to 0.36)
Group affiliation (0–7)
 Total number of siblings 0 (only child) 0.39 (0.64) referent Referent
1 0.46 (0.76) 0.05 (−0.01 to 0.12) 0.04 (−0.02 to 0.11)
2 0.48 (0.77) 0.09 (0.030.16) 0.07 (0.0080.14)
3 0.47 (0.75) 0.09 (0.010.18) 0.07 (−0.01 to 0.16)
≥4 0.41 (0.73) 0.02 (−0.09 to 0.13) −0.01 (−0.12 to 0.10)

CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation.

Model 1: Adjusted for age and sex.

Model 2: Model 1 + adjusted for number of children.