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. 2023 Jul 5;165(8):2121–2129. doi: 10.1007/s00701-023-05693-5

Table 6.

Mean values of unadjusted PROMs divided into moderate or severe Lee score with p-values based on paired-sample t-tests

PROMs Lee 0–1 (n=402) Lee 2–3 (n=12)
At baseline

 ODI (SD)

n=407

38.4 (14.4) 42.4 (18.4) p=0.35

 ZCS function (SD)

n=406

2.5 (0.5) 2.6 (0.6) p=0.74

 ZCS symptom (SD)

n=403

3.4 (0.6) 3.4 (0.7) p=0.78

 NRS leg (SD)

n=391

6.4 (2.0) 6.7 (2.5) p=0.73

 NRS back (SD)

n=394

6.3 (2.2) 6.8 (2.1) p=0.48
At 2-year follow-up

 ODI (SD)

n=385

18.5 (16.4) 29.5 (15.9) p=0.03

 ZCS function (SD)

n=382

1.7 (0.7) 1.9 (0.7) p=0.32

 ZCS symptom (SD)

n=381

2.3 (0.9) 2.7 (0.8) p=0.16

 NRS leg (SD)

n=369

3.0 (2.9) 4.2 (2.5) p=0.16

 NRS back (SD)

n=372

3.6 (2.9) 5.6 (1.5) p=0.02