Fig. 2.

Sam68 accelerates osteogenic differentiation in hVICs. A, B Sam68 protein level accumulated after osteogenic medium, TNF-α and IL-6 treatment, especially in TNF-α treatment (n = 3). C, D TNF-α significantly induced osteogenic protein Runx2 and ALP expression along with Sam68 up-regulation (n = 3). E, F Runx2 and ALP were tested after overexpression of Sam68 under TNF-α intervention(n = 4). G, H Runx2, ALP in Sam68 knockdown along with TNF-α treatment (n = 3). I, J Alizarin Red staining at 21 days of TNF-α and OM (osteogenic medium) induction with Sam68 overexpressed or knocked down (n = 3). ns. not significant difference, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Vector indicated empty vector group, SiNC indicated negative control siRNA group