Table 3.

Summary of the switching performance of 2D-Based RRAM devices [197, 231, 256–285]

2D-Material	Device Structure	Operation Voltage ($V_{\mathrm{SET}}$, $V_{\mathrm{RESET}}$)V	ON/OFF (ratio)	Endurance (cycles)	Refs.
Graphene and its derivatives	Pt/GO/Pt	$\sim$2.5, $\sim$−0.5	10${}^4$	10${}^2$	[257]
	ITO/rGO/ITO	$\sim$2.0, $\sim$−2.0	NS	10${}^5$	[258]
	ITO/Graphene-ZnO/ITO	$\sim$1.0, $\sim$−2.5	7000	100	[259]
	Cu/GO/Pt	1.0, −1.0	NS	NA	[260]
	Al/GOZNs/ITOPET	$\sim$2.0, $\sim$−2.0	10${}^2$	10${}^2$	[261]
	Al/GO-AuNPs/ITO	$\sim$1.0, $\sim$−1.0	10${}^5$	10${}^2$	[262]
	Ni/PMMA-GO/ITO	$\sim$1.0,$\sim$−1.0	10${}^3$	10${}^4$	[263]
	Au/PVP-Graphene/ITO	2.0, −3.0	5	20	[264]
MXenes	Ag/MXene/SiO2/Pt	0,2, −0.2	10${}^3$	NA	[265]
	Cu/MXene/SiO2/W	$\sim$0.6, $\sim$−1.9	NS	NA	[266]
	Ag/Ti${}_3$C${}_2$/Pt	$\sim$3.0, $\sim$−3.0	22 $\times$10${}^4$	$\sim$500	[267]
	Pt/Ti${}_3$C${}_2$/Pt	$\sim$3.0, $\sim$−3.0	3 $\times$10${}^4$	10${}^3$
	Al/Ti${}_3$C${}_2$/Pt	$\sim$3.0, $\sim$−3.0	6$\times$10${}^4$	10${}^3$
	Al/Ag/MXene/MXene/ITO	$\sim$1.6, $\sim$−2.0	10${}^3$	NA	[268]
Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)	Ag/hBN/ITO/PET	$\sim$0.72, $\sim$−0.37	$\sim$100	$\sim$750	[269]
	Al/Ti/TiOx/multilayer hBN/Cu	$\sim$0.6, $\sim$−0.4	$\sim$5	NS	[270]
	Ti/thick h-BN/Cu	0.7, −0.7	10${}^4$	>600	[271]
	Ti/thin h-BN/ITO	0.5, −0.3	10	>180
	Ti/MLG/thin h-BN/MLG/Au	2.3, −0.6	10${}^3$	>450
	Ti/hBN/Au	$\sim$1.5, $\sim$−1.5	$\sim$10${}^3$	1200	[272]
Transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs)	Ag/WSe${}_2$/Ag	0.7, −0.3	10${}^3$	NA	[197]
	Al/WS${}_2$/Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si	1.62, −1.45	$\sim$10${}^3$	NS	[231]
	Al/WSe${}_2$/Pt	$\sim$1.62, $\sim$−1.45	$\sim$10${}^3$	$\sim$10${}^2$	[256]
	Cu/MoS2/W2N	2.1, −2.2	10${}^3$	10${}^3$	[271]
	Ti/Ni/MoTe${}_2$/Ti/Au	$\sim$1.8, $\sim$−1.8	10	10${}^2$	[272]
	Al/MoS${}_2$/ITO	2.17, −1.62	10${}^2$	10${}^4$	[273]
	Ag/MoS${}_2$/ZnO/Ti	$\sim$0.75,$\sim$−0.75	2	10${}^2$	[274]
	Ag/MoSe${}_2$/Au	$\sim$2.6,$\sim$−3.0	$\sim$50	10${}^2$	[275]
	Ag/MoSe${}_2$-doped-Se/Ag	$\sim$3.0,$\sim$−3.0	10${}^2$	$\sim$500	[276]
	Ag/MoSe${}_2$/Ti	2.2, −2.6@500K	10	NA	[277]
	Ag/WS${}_2$/Ag	$\sim$2.3,$\sim$−2.3	10${}^3$	10${}^2$	[278]
	Ag/WSe${}_2$/Ag	$\sim$0.5, $\sim$−0.3	$\sim$10${}^3$	90	[279]
	Ti/MoTe${}_2$/Au	$\sim$2.3, $\sim$−1.5	$\sim$50	NS	[280]
Black Phosphorus (BP)	AI/PFCz-g-BPQDs/ITO	$-$1.95, $-$0.89	1.3$\times$10${}^7$	600	[232]
	(PET)/Au/BPQD-PVP/Ag	$\sim$2.8, $\sim$−1.2	6.0$\times$10${}^4$	500	[281]
	Al/BP:PS/Al	1.75, −1.25	10${}^2$	NA	[282]
	Ti3C${}_2$/BP/Ti3C2	1.5, −0.5	10${}^5$	NA	[283]
	ITO/BP@PS/ITO	−0.5, 2.0	100	NS	[284]

$V_{\mathrm{SET}}$: SET voltage, $V_{\mathrm{RESET}}$: RESET voltage, B: bipolar, NA: data not available and NS: not specified