TABLE 1.

RT-PCR and sequencing primers

RNA amplified or sequenced	Primer sequence	Primer designation	Nucleotides
RT-PCR HuCV-OC43 N gene	5′-CCCAAGCAAACTGCTACCTCTCAG-3′	O1 sense	215–238a
	5′-GTAGACTCCGTCAATATCGGTGCC-3′	O3 antisense	497–520a
RT-PCR HuCV-OC43 S1 gene portion	5′-TCTGCCAAGAGTCTTGCTCG-3′	OC43-S1PH sense	54–74b
	5′-AGCATAGCAGCTGTTGACGG-3′	OC43 S1PI antisense	2081–2100b
RT-PCR GAPDH gene	5′-GTGAAGGTCGGAGTCAACG-3′	GAPDH-H sense	10–68c
	5′-CACCTGGTGCTCAGTGTAGC-3′	GAPDH-I antisense	824–843c
Sequencing S1 gene portion	5′-ATAATATGTGCGAGTACCCAC-3′	S-OC43-A sense	528–539b
	5′-GATAAGTCGGTGCCCTCTC-3′	S-OC43-B sense	1058–1076b
	5′-CTTGTGATAATTTGTGCACTCC-3′	S-OC43-C sense	1593–1614b
	5′-CGAACAGTGCTCACCTATGC-3′	S-OC43-E antisense	1671–1690b
	5′-GACTGCAAATAGCCCAAATTACC-3′	S-OC43-F antisense	1265–1287b
	5′-TACCATCTTGATTGAAAGCGAG-3′	S-OC43-G antisense	857–878b
	5′-GTGTTGAATTGATTGTACGTGG-3′	S-OC43-H antisense	455–477b

^aReferences 35 and 73. 

^bReference 53. 

^cReference 23.