TABLE 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| First author (year) | Country | Ethnic background | Sample size (male %) | Age (years) (mean ± SD) | Weight (kg) (mean ± SD) | Immuno-suppressive protocol | Alleles studied | Genotyping method | Tac measurement method | CYP3A4*22 allele frequency (%) | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tavira et al. (2013) | Spain | Caucasians | 206 (NA) | 48.6 ± 13.6 | NA | Tac, MMF, PD | CYP3A5*3 | TaqMan | CLIA | 4.9 | 7 |
| CYP3A4*1B | |||||||||||
| Kuypers et al. (2014) | Belgium | Caucasians | 246 (59.8) | 53.0 ± 14.2 | 70.8 ± 13.5 | Tac, MMF, mPD | CYP3A5*3 | TaqMan | MEIA | NA | 7 |
| POR*28 | |||||||||||
| Lunde et al. (2014) | Norway | Caucasians | 123 (70.7) | 48.8 ± 9.8 | 87.5 ± 19.1 | Tac, MMF, steroids | CYP3A5*3 | PCR equencing | CMIA | 4.9 | 5 |
| POR*28 | |||||||||||
| PPARA (rs4253728, rs4823613) | |||||||||||
| De Jonge et al. (2015) | Belgium | Caucasians | 80 (70.0) | 54.6 ± 12.5 | 75.6 ± 14.7 | Tac, MMF, mPD | CYP3A5*3 | TaqMan | LC-MS | NA | 8 |
| Lloberas et al. (2017) | Spain | Caucasians | 272 (65.8) | 51.0 ± 15.0 | 69.6 ± 13.7 | Tac, MMF, PD | CYP3A5*3 | TaqMan | EMIT, | 4.5 | 7 |
| LC-MS | |||||||||||
| Madsen et al. (2017) | Denmark | Caucasians | 52 (57.7) | 49.3 ± 12.3 | 77.0 ± 20.0 | Tac, MMF, steroids | CYP3A5*3 | TaqMan | Immunoassay | 2.9 | 6 |
| POR*28 | |||||||||||
| PPARA (rs4253728) | |||||||||||
| Vanhove et al. (2017) | Belgium | NA | 279 (63.4) | 53.0 ± 13.0 | 73.4 ± 15.2 | Tac, MMF, mPD | CYP3A5*3 | OpenArray | MEIA | 3.4 | 7 |
| Scheibner et al. (2018) | U.S.A | Caucasians | 1,366 (63.3) | 51.3 ± 13.0 | 83.7 ± 19.6 | Tac, MMF | CYP3A5*3 | NA | CLIA | 5.6 | 7 |
CLIA, chemiluminescent immunoassay; CMIA, chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay; EMIT, enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique; LC-MS, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; MEIA, microparticulate enzyme immunoassay; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; mPD, methylprednisolone; NA, not available; NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa score; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PD, prednisolone; SD, standard deviation; Tac, tacrolimus.