. 2023 Jun 10;22(8):e13872. doi: 10.1111/acel.13872

TABLE 2.

: Validation on socio‐demographic and medical data.

Variable	N	Complete model			Minimal model			Klemera–Doubal Model			Homeostatic dysregulation
Variable	N	Coeff.	p‐val	dAIC	Coeff.	p‐val	dAIC	Coeff.	p‐val	dAIC	Coeff.	p‐val	dAIC
Socio‐demographic variables
Gender	*47,168*
Female	24,294 (52%)	–	–	0	–	–	1243	–	–	11,737	–	–	32,524
Male	22,874 (48%)	1.59	<0.001	0	1.53	<0.001		1.58	<0.001	11,737	−0.09	0.5	32,524
Ethnicity	*47,168*
Non‐Hispanic white	19,700 (42%)	–	–	0	–	–	1239	–	–	11,686	–	–	32,281
Mexican American	13,017 (28%)	−0.24	0.03		0.02	0.89		−0.29	0.02		1.12	<0.001
Non‐Hispanic black	9977 (21%)	0.22	0.06		0.06	0.60		−0.94	<0.001		2.89	<0.001
Others	4474 (9%)	0.93	<0.001		1.12	<0.001		0.92	<0.001		1.10	<0.001
Family income	*43,137*
Q1 – Low	11,467 (27%)	–	–	0	–	–	1097	–	–	10,587	–	–	29,832
Q2	13,446 (31%)	−0.12	0.33		−0.06	0.65		0.34	0.02		−0.75	<0.001
Q3	8294 (19%)	−0.36	0.01		−0.29	0.05		0.35	0.03		−1.24	<0.001
Q4 – High	9930 (23%)	−0.44	0.001		−0.38	0.006		0.44	0.004		−2.50	<0.001
Poverty Index Ratio	*43,137*
No poverty	33,837 (78%)	–	–	0	–	–	1095	–	–	10,596	–	–	29,879
Poverty	9300 (22%)	0.48	<0.001		0.463	<0.001		0.27	0.04		1.88	<0.001
Medical variables
Body Mass Index	*46,498*
Obesity	17,153 (37%)	2.49	<0.001	0	2.50	<0.001	1226	5.20	<0.001	9637	2.97	<0.001	28,645
Overweight	15,397 (33%)	0.94	<0.001		0.90	<0.001		1.87	<0.001		0.20	0.20
Normal weight	13,175 (28%)	–	–		–	–		–	–		–	–
Underweight	773 (2%)	−0.31	0.38		−0.50	0.17		−2.12	<0.001		0.80	0.10
Tobacco exposure	*47,046*
No exposure	34,904 (74%)	–	–	0	–	–	1225	–	–	11,662	–	–	32,487
Exposure	12,142 (26%)	0.74	<0.001		0.86	<0.001		−0.94	<0.001		0.93	<0.001
Sedentarity	*17,207*
Active	15,380 (89%)	–	–	0	–	–	300	–	–	2451	–	–	4305
Sedentary	1827 (11%)	0.92	<0.001	0	0.81	0.001	300	1.29	<0.001	2451	2.03	<0.001	4305
Pathologies
Liver diseases	1750 (4%)	0.90	<0.001	0	0.74	0.003	1290	4.06	<0.001	11,231	2.70	<0.001	31,926
Coronary Heart Diseases	4186 (9%)	2.27	<0.001	0	2.31	<0.001	1274	4.10	<0.001	11,123	4.30	<0.001	31,217
Diabetes	8079 (17%)	5.85	<0.001	0	6.04	<0.001	1161	8.80	<0.001	9936	8.19	<0.001	32,561
Thyroid diseases	4049 (9%)	1.25	<0.001	0	1.23	<0.001	1283	2.25	<0.001	11,328	0.86	<0.001	31,421
Arthritis	11,681 (26%)	1.66	<0.001	0	1.71	<0.001	1271	2.43	<0.001	11,281	1.77	<0.001	31,460
Cancer	3450 (8%)	0.84	<0.001	0	0.82	<0.001	1275	0.73	<0.001	11,332	0.39	0.13	30,907
Kidney diseases	1304 (3%)	4.84	<0.001	0	4.86	<0.001	1284	13.3	<0.001	10,041	8.99	<0.001	31,213
Bronchitis	7877 (17%)	0.83	<0.001	0	0.69	<0.001	1258	1.60	<0.001	11,645	1.42	<0.001	32,500
Auto‐immune digestive disease	59 (1%)	1.69	0.19	4376	1.69	0.20	4551	0.55	0.68	4439	−0.84	0.30	0
Digestive ulcer	388 (10%)	0.34	0.50	2819	0.16	0.76	2895	0.47	0.42	3835	0.14	0.70	0
Eye disease	451 (8%)	0.86	0.09	3956	0.70	0.18	4188	2.29	<0.001	5263	1.15	0.002	0
Dermatologic disease	842 (4%)	0.04	0.91	15,899	−0.06	0.88	16,313	−0.08	0.83	19,516	−0.002	0.99	0
AAC24 score	*2770*
Low score	2136 (77%)	–	–	1525	–	–	1606	–	–	2226	–	–	0
Med score	219 (8%)	2.20	0.003		1.99	0.009		2.14	0.01		2.93	<0.001
High score	415 (15%)	1.58	0.004		1.54	0.006		0.79	0.20		0.09	0.83

Note: For each model (complete model, minimal model, Klemera–Doubal Model (KDM), or Homeostatic Dysregulation (HD)), a multivariate model adjusted on chronological age and gender was performed and the coefficient and its associated p‐value regarding the validation data were presented. Akaike criterion (AIC) was computed for each model and presented as the difference compared with the best model (dAIC). Subjects at least 18 years old were included in this analysis.