Table 4.
Complications and Outcomes of Patients With Community-Acquired Infective Endocarditis (IE), Healthcare-Associated IE, and Nosocomial IE
| Complication/Outcome | CIE (n = 2854) |
P Value | HCIE (n = 457) |
P Value | NIE (n = 1209) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complications | |||||
| Intracardiac complications | 1016 (35.6) | .15 | 147 (32.2) | .33 | 411 (34.0) |
| Vascular phenomena | 287 (10.0) | .15 | 36 (7.8) | .13 | 71 (5.8) |
| Heart failure | 1195 (41.8) | .20 | 177 (38.7) | .13 | 518 (42.8) |
| Persistent bacteremia | 262 (9.1) | <.01 | 60 (13.1) | .05 | 206 (17.0) |
| CNS involvement | 649 (22.7) | <.01 | 66 (14.4) | .04 | 228 (18.8) |
| Embolization | 742 (25.9) | <.01 | 92 (20.1) | .92 | 241 (19.9) |
| New murmur | 1064 (37.2) | .10 | 152 (33.2) | .07 | 347 (28.7) |
| Vegetation present | 1957 (68.5) | .08 | 332 (72.2) | <.01 | 786 (65.0) |
| Acute renal failure | 1000 (35.0) | .31 | 149 (32.6) | <.01 | 509 (42.1) |
| Septic shock | 340 (11.9) | .04 | 70 (15.3) | .81 | 191 (15.8) |
| Sepsis | 478 (16.7) | .04 | 94 (20.5) | .89 | 245 (20.2) |
| Indication for surgery | 2022 (70.8) | .03 | 301 (65.9) | <.01 | 880 (72.8) |
| Cardiac surgery | 1484 (52.0) | <.01 | 190 (41.6) | .02 | 579 (47.9) |
| Indicated surgery not performed | 567 (19.9) | <.01 | 117 (25.6) | .93 | 312 (25.8) |
| Duration of treatment, days, median (IQR) | 39 (28–45) | .53 | 38 (26–45) | .31 | 41 (23–48) |
| Hospital stay, days, median (IQR) | 34 (21–50) | .11 | 36 (23–53) | <.01 | 41 (24–58) |
| Mortality | |||||
| In-hospital | 645 (22.6) | <.01 | 148 (32.4) | .40 | 418 (34.9) |
| With surgery | 274 (9.6) | .29 | 51 (11.1) | .60 | 146 (12.1) |
| Without surgery | 371 (12.9) | <.01 | 97 (21.2) | .60 | 272 (22.5) |
| 1-y mortality | 779 (27.3) | <.01 | 191 (41.8) | .80 | 497 (41.2) |
| 1-y recurrencea | 35 (1.5) | .10 | 9 (2.9) | .04 | 9 (1.1) |
| Sequelae at dischargea | 334 (15.1) | .80 | 45 (14.5) | .36 | 133 (16.8) |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated. Values in bold refer to results with statistically significant differences.
Abbreviations: CIE, community-acquired infective endocarditis; CNS, central nervous system; HCIE, healthcare-associated infective endocarditis; NIE, nosocomial infective endocarditis.
a
One-year recurrence and sequelae at discharge rates were calculated using surviving patients as the denominator (CIE, 2209; HCIE, 309; NIE, 791).