Recommended dosage in older adults |
5 mg [25] |
Indications |
Sleep onset and maintenance insomnia, short-term use [25, 26] |
Contraindications |
Hypersensitivity to zolpidem [28, 29] |
Main drug interactions |
CNS-active drugs including imipramine, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, alcohol, sertraline, and fluoxetine; drugs that affect drug metabolism via cytochrome P450 including CYP3A4 inducers and inhibitors [29] |
Main side effects |
Short term: drowsiness, dizziness, and diarrhea. Long term: dizziness and drugged feelings [29] |
Special points |
Additional zolpidem compounds include zolpidem extended release (recommended dose of 6.25 mg for short-term use for sleep onset insomnia); zolpidem sublingual (Edluar™; recommended dose of 5 mg for short-term use for sleep onset insomnia); zolpidem sublingual (Intermezzo®; recommended dose of 1.75 mg, as needed, to reduce latency to reinitiate sleep after nighttime awakenings, if ≥ 4 h before planned wake time [25] |