Table 1. Demographics.
| Demographics | Entire cohort ( n = 148) | NIV success ( n = 121) | NIV failure ( n = 27) | p -Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (female) n (%) | 68 (44.6) | 55 (45.4) | 13 (48.1) | 0.8 |
| Age (y) Median (IQR) |
7.1 (1.4, 13.6) | 7.2 (1.9, 14.0) | 6.3 (0.5, 11.5) | 0.14 |
| Admission diagnosis n (%) | 0.25 | |||
| Pneumonia | 31 (21.1) | 26 (21.7) | 5(18.5) | |
| Bronchiolitis/viral illness | 37 (25.2) | 29 (24.2) | 8 (29.6) | |
| Sepsis | 5 (3.4) | 3 (2.5) | 2 (7.4) | |
| Upper airway obstruction | 17 (11.6) | 14 (1.7) | 3 (11.1) | |
| Post-op spinal fusion | 7 (4.8) | 7 (5.8) | 0 (0) | |
| Asthma | 27 (18.4) | 25 (20.8) | 2 (7.4) | |
| Other | 23 (15.6) | 16 (13.3) | 7 (15.6) | |
| Comorbidities n (%) | ||||
| Prematurity | 27 (20.0) | 21 (18.2) | 6 (28.6) | 0.37 |
| pHTN | 6 (3.9) | 5 (3.9) | 1 (3.7) | 1.00 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 72 (48.6) | 61 (50.4) | 11 (40.7) | 0.34 |
| Heart disease | 6 (4.1) | 4 (3.3) | 2 (7.4) | 0.30 |
| Oncologic disease | 8 (5.4) | 7 (5.8) | 1 (3.7) | 1.00 |
| Immunosuppression | 12 (8.1) | 8 (6.6) | 4 (14.8) | 0.23 |
| Neurologic condition | 55 (37.2) | 46 (38) | 9 (33.3) | 0.83 |
| Genetic condition | 24 (16.2) | 20 (16.5) | 4 (14.8) | 1.00 |
| Airway anomaly | 10 (6.8) | 9 (7.4) | 1 (3.7) | 0.69 |
| PRISM Median (IQR) |
0.0 (0.0, 3.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 3.0) | 3.0 (0.0, 3.0) | 0.01 |
| PELOD Median (IQR) |
2.0 (0.0, 10.0) | 1.0 (0.0, 10.0) | 10.0 (1.0, 11.0) | 0.002 |
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; NIV, noninvasive ventilation; pHTN, pulmonary hypertension; Post-op, postoperative; PRISM, pediatric risk of mortality; PELOD, pediatric logistic organ dysfunction.
Note: Categorical variables are presented as counts with (%) and continuous variables are presented as medians with (IQR).