Table 1.

Control and RRMS patients used for the analysis of membrane-bound and soluble PD-1/ PD-L1

Figure	Cohorts	PBMCs	Serum	Females	Age	Disease duration	EDSS	Treatment
	Controls (36)	27	36	25 (69.40%)	33.8 [23.0: 41.5]	None	None	None
1, 2 and 3B and Suppl. 1 and 3	Controls (27)	27	27	23 (85.20%)	34.9 [26.5: 40.0]	None	None	None
3 and Suppl. 4A	Controls (36)		36	25 (69.40)	33.8 [23.0: 41.5]	None	None	None
	RRMS (84)	49	84	31 (64.6%)	42.7 [36.0: 50.0]	8.1 [3.0: 12.0]	2.2 [1.0: 3.5]	65 (77.3%)
1, 2 and 3B and Suppl. 1 and 3	RRMS (49)	49	49	32 (65.3%)	44.2 [37.0: 51]	9.6 [3.0: 13.0]	2.9 [2.0: 4.0]	37 (75.50)
3 and 4 and Suppl. 4B, C and D	RRMS (84)		84	31 (64.60)	42.7 [36.0: 50.0]	8.1 [3.0: 12.0]	2.2 [1.0: 3.5]	65 (77.3%)

‘PBMCs’ indicates the absolute number in the group with available peripheral blood mononuclear cells. ‘Serum’ indicates the absolute number in the group with available sera. ‘Females’ denotes both the absolute count and percentage of females within the group. ‘Age’, ‘Disease duration’ and ‘EDSS’ are presented as mean values, with the 25th and 75th percentiles indicated in square brackets. ‘Treatment’ represents the absolute count and percentage of patients who received treatment, while specific individual treatments, treatment history as well as MRI and clinical activity are listed in Supplementary Tables 1 and 2. No additional noteworthy comorbidities or pharmaceutical treatments were reported among the patients or controls. The diagnosis of MS was determined using established criteria at the time of diagnosis. Note: Suppl, Supplementary.