Table 3.

Effects of project-based learning on different learning outcomes.

Learning effect	Number of effects	Total effect value	Type	Number of effects	effect value	95% confidence interval		Two-tailed test
						Lower limit	Upper limit	Z-value	P-value
Academic achievement	40	0.650	Academic achievement	40	0.650	0.453	0.846	6.480	0.000
Emotional attitude	50	0.389	Learning motivation	5	0.401	0.162	0.640	3.283	0.001
			Learning attitude	18	0.536	0.312	0.759	4.702	0.000
			Learning interest	7	0.713	0.282	1.145	3.242	0.001
			Self-efficacy	20	0.181	0.062	0.301	2.969	0.003
Thinking skills	100	0.386	Creative thinking skills	14	0.626	0.288	0.965	8.956	0.000
			Computational thinking skills	5	0.719	0.332	1.106	3.645	0.000
			Decision-making skills	9	0.092	−0.127	0.311	0.820	0.412
			Critical thinking skills	2	0.512	−0.583	1.607	0.916	0.360
			Problem-solving skills	18	0.365	0.182	0.548	3.909	0.000
			Problem-raising ability	13	0.117	−0.092	0.326	1.096	0.273
			Collaboration ability	17	0.404	0.141	0.666	3.016	0.003
			Comprehensive application ability	22	0.432	0.217	0.646	3.945	0.000