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. 2023 May 27;10(9):nwad157. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwad157

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© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of China Science Publishing & Media Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — Interannual variation of SAM index (SAMI) (1957.1–2020.12 obtained from https://legacy.bas.ac.uk/met/gjma/sam.html). (A) Melt onset (October and November) and (B) end date (February and March) with trend lines fitted for 1957–2020 (red line). The estimated slopes and its 95% confidence intervals are shown.