TABLE 4.
Direct Hospital Costs During Hospitalization Among Patients With TSCI, by Sex
| Male | Female | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | No. patients | Total costs (CNY/USD, thousand), means (SD) | Daily costs (CNY/USD, thousand), means (SD) | No. patients | Total costs (CNY/USD, thousand), means (SD) | Daily costs (CNY/USD, thousand), means (SD) | P T value* | P D value† |
| No. patients | 7919 | ¥74.0 (73.0), $12.0 (12.0) | ¥4.4 (3.4), $0.7 (0.5) | 2490 | ¥63.1 (65.7), $10.2 (10.6) | ¥4.3 (3.5), $0.7 (0.6) | <0.05 | 0.09 |
| Age groups | ||||||||
| 15–24 | 448 | ¥82.4 (72.3), $13.3 (11.7) | ¥4.4 (2.8), $0.7 (0.5) | 124 | ¥87.5 (173.0), $14.1 (27.9) | ¥5.2 (5.1), $0.8 (0.8) | 0.62 | 0.01 |
| 25–34 | 935 | ¥80.0 (72.2), $12.9 (11.7) | ¥4.6 (3.7), $0.7 (0.6) | 229 | ¥74.3 (65.0), $12.0 (10.5) | ¥4.2 (2.8), $0.7 (0.5) | 0.31 | 0.17 |
| 35–44 | 1451 | ¥77.8 (86.2), $12.6 (14.0) | ¥4.5 (3.3), $0.7 (0.5) | 373 | ¥69.2 (55.6), $11.2 (9.0) | ¥4.5 (3.1), $0.7 (0.5) | 0.06 | 0.96 |
| 45–54 | 2248 | ¥76.0 (67.7), $12.2 (10.9) | ¥4.4 (3.5), $0.7 (0.6) | 661 | ¥65.7 (58.0), $10.6 (9.3) | ¥4.3 (3.4), $0.7 (0.6) | <0.01 | 0.35 |
| 55–64 | 1755 | ¥70.0 (62.1), $11.3 (10.0) | ¥4.3 (3.5), $0.7 (0.7) | 567 | ¥56.4 (47.0), $9.1 (7.6) | ¥4.1 (3.6), $0.7 (0.6) | <0.01 | 0.14 |
| ≥65 | 1082 | ¥63.1 (80.0), $10.2 (12.9) | ¥4.2 (2.9), $0.7 (0.5) | 536 | ¥52.2 (49.5), $8.4 (8.0) | ¥4.1 (4.0), $0.6 (0.6) | <0.01 | 0.62 |
| Occupation | ||||||||
| Worker | 1076 | ¥82.9 (80.3), $13.4 (13.0) | ¥4.4 (4.0), $0/7 (0.7) | 184 | ¥68.1 (60.1), $11.0 (9.7) | ¥4.3 (3.8), $0.7 (0.7) | <0.05 | 0.85 |
| Farmer | 3179 | ¥65.2 (55.0), $11.0 (8.9) | ¥4.3 (3.3), $0.7 (0.5) | 957 | ¥62.1 (53.0), $10.0 (8.5) | ¥4.2 (3.3), $0.7 (0.5) | 0.13 | 0.87 |
| Driver | 105 | ¥79.4 (107.9), $12.8 (17.4) | ¥3.8 (2.7), $0.6 (0.4) | 24 | ¥55.9 (33.0), $9.0 (5.3) | ¥3.1 (1.7), $0.5 (0.3) | 0.29 | 0.11 |
| Office clerk | 354 | ¥76.5 (79.7), $12.3 (12.9) | ¥4.5 (4.4), $0.7 (0.7) | 129 | ¥52.3 (49.7), $8.5 (8.0) | ¥3.9 (3.5), $0.6 (0.6) | <0.01 | 0.17 |
| Civil servant | 107 | ¥63.8 (59.9), $10.3 (9.7) | ¥4.0 (3.5), $0.7 (0.6) | 56 | ¥65.8 (65.6), $10.6 (10.6) | ¥3.7 (4.8), $0.6 (0.8) | 0.85 | 0.63 |
| Retiree | 431 | ¥62.4 (57.0), $10.1 (9.2) | ¥4.0 (2.8), $0.7 (0.5) | 268 | ¥47.2 (44.2), $7.6 (7.1) | ¥4.0 (3.6), $0.6 (0.6) | <0.01 | 0.90 |
| Student | 184 | ¥75.1 (63.2), $12.1 (10.2) | ¥3.8 (2.5), $0.6 (0.4) | 91 | ¥90.7 (199.7), $14.6 (32.2) | ¥4.9 (5.6), $0.8 (0.9) | 0.33 | 0.08 |
| Self-employed | 166 | ¥64.0 (56.5), $10.3 (9.1) | ¥4.0 (3.1), $0.7 (0.5) | 53 | ¥51.7 (36.8), $8.3 (5.9) | ¥3.0 (2.2), $0.5 (0.4) | 0.14 | <0.05 |
| Missing | 336 | ¥83.7 (60.8), $13.5 (9.8) | ¥5.6 (3.3), $0.9 (0.5) | 110 | ¥85.4 (61.4), $13.8 (9.9) | ¥5.7 (3.6), $0.9 (0.6) | 0.79 | 0.82 |
| Others‡ | 1981 | ¥84.4 (93.3), $13.6 (15.1) | ¥4.6 (3.1), $0.7 (0.5) | 618 | ¥65.2 (57.1), $10.5 (9.2) | ¥4.3 (3.3), $0.7 (0.5) | <0.01 | <0.05 |
| Etiological groups | ||||||||
| High falls | 2609 | ¥82.7 (70.7), $13.4 (11.4) | ¥4.8 (3.5), $0.8 (0.6) | 675 | ¥77.7 (87.7), $12.5 (14.2) | ¥5.0 (3.7), $0.8 (0.6) | 0.12 | 0.26 |
| Low falls | 2196 | ¥58.0 (52.4), $9.4 (8.5) | ¥3.9 (3.3), $0.6 (0.5) | 906 | ¥47.8 (40.0), $7.7 (6.5) | ¥3.9 (3.3), $0.6 (0.5) | <0.01 | 0.57 |
| Traffic accidents | 1948 | ¥75.7 (77.4), $12.2 (12.5) | ¥4.4 (3.2), $0.7 (0.5) | 619 | ¥67.4 (66.6), $10.9 (10.8) | ¥3.9 (3.2), $0.6 (0.5) | <0.05 | <0.05 |
| Struck by falling objects | 547 | ¥98.6 (119.0), $15.9 (19.2) | ¥4.8 (4.1), $0.8 (0.7) | 77 | ¥87.7 (54.1), $14.2 (8.7) | ¥4.8 (3.3), $0.8 (0.5) | 0.43 | 0.94 |
| Sport related injury | 71 | ¥51.3 (47.0), $8.3 (7.6) | ¥3.7 (2.9), $0.6 (0.5) | 34 | ¥31.6 (29.4), $5.1 (4.7) | ¥5.6 (6.3), $0.9 (1.0) | <0.05 | 0.09 |
| Missing | 134 | ¥74.4 (50.1), $12.0 (8.1) | ¥5.2 (3.1), $0.8 (0.5) | 39 | ¥75.4 (55.4), $12.2 (8.9) | ¥5.9 (3.8), $1.0 (0.6) | 0.92 | 0.25 |
| Others§ | 414 | ¥65.4 (70.6), $10.6 (11.4) | ¥3.5 (2.5), $0.6 (0.4) | 140 | ¥63.1 (63.3), $10.2 (10.2) | ¥3.7 (3.3), $0.6 (0.5) | 0.74 | 0.45 |
| Level of injury | ||||||||
| Cervical | 5075 | ¥68.6 (72.9), $11.1 (11.8) | ¥4.2 (3.2), $0.7 (0.5) | 1260 | ¥57.3 (49.0), $9.2 (7.9) | ¥3.9 (3.2), $0.6 (0.5) | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Thoracic | 1224 | ¥96.9 (84.4), $15.6 (13.6) | ¥5.0 (3.6), $0.8 (0.6) | 472 | ¥84.4 (107.0), $13.6 (17.3) | ¥4.9 (4.1), $0.8 (0.7) | <0.05 | 0.78 |
| Lumbosacral | 1404 | ¥73.8 (61.1), $11.9 (9.9) | ¥4.5 (3.7), $0.7 (0.6) | 667 | ¥58.9 (49.6), $9.5 (8.0) | ¥4.3 (3.7), $0.7 (0.6) | <0.01 | 0.49 |
| Multisite | 91 | ¥77.7 (44.0), $12.5 (7.1) | ¥4.9 (2.3), $0.8 (0.4) | 33 | ¥66.6 (40.0), $10.8 (6.4) | ¥6.0 (2.9), $1.0 (0.5) | 0.21 | 0.06 |
| Cauda equina | 26 | ¥93.4 (43.5), $15.1 (7.0) | ¥5.2 (1.8), $0.8 (0.3) | 11 | ¥95.8 (30.3), $15.5 (4.9) | ¥4.9 (1.5), $0.8 (0.2) | 0.87 | 0.75 |
| Missing | 99 | ¥56.5 (43.7), $9.1 (7.1) | ¥3.9 (2.7), $0.6 (0.4) | 47 | ¥53.0 (85.8), $8.6 (13.8) | ¥3.4 (2.3), $0.6 (0.4) | 0.74 | 0.36 |
| Severity | ||||||||
| Complete quadriplegia | 1136 | ¥96.0 (108.8), $15.5 (17.6) | ¥4.8 (3.4), $0.8 (0.5) | 220 | ¥78.7 (65.5), $12.7 (10.6) | ¥4.8 (3.3), $0.8 (0.5) | <0.01 | 0.96 |
| Complete paraplegia | 1643 | ¥94.7 (85.3), $15.3 (13.8) | ¥5.0 (4.1), $0.8 (0.7) | 494 | ¥91.7 (107.0), $14.8 (17.3) | ¥5.1 (4.6), $0.8 (0.7) | 0.51 | 0.70 |
| Incomplete quadriplegia | 3530 | ¥59.9 (51.8), $9.7 (8.4) | ¥4.0 (3.1), $0.7 (0.5) | 969 | ¥52.9 (41.7), $8.5 (6.7) | ¥3.8 (3.0), $0.6 (0.5) | <0.01 | <0.05 |
| Incomplete paraplegia | 1524 | ¥68.2 (57.3), $11.0 (9.3) | ¥4. (2.9), $0.7 (0.5) | 784 | ¥53.8 (48.0), $8.7 (7.8) | ¥4.2 (3.3), $0.7 (0.5) | <0.01 | 0.54 |
| Missing | 86 | ¥60.1 (53.3), $9.7 (8.6) | ¥3.8 (2.9), $0.6 (0.5) | 23 | ¥44.7 (43.7), $7.2 (7.1) | ¥2.9 (2.3), $0.5 (0.4) | 0.21 | 0.16 |
| ASIA score | ||||||||
| A | 2259 | ¥97.8 (103.6), $15.8 (16.7) | ¥5.0 (3.9), $0.8 (0.6) | 562 | ¥90.3 (99.5), $14.6 (16.1) | ¥5.2 (4.3), $0.8 (0.7) | 0.11 | 0.37 |
| B | 568 | ¥95.8 (70.7), $15.5 (11.4) | ¥5.2 (3.9), $0.8 (0.6) | 153 | ¥80.6 (75.8), $13.0 (12.2) | ¥4.7 (3.5), $0.8 (0.6) | <0.05 | 0.15 |
| C | 1365 | ¥77.3 (56.4), $12.5 (9.1) | ¥4.4 (2.8), $0.7 (0.5) | 361 | ¥74.1 (56.4), $12.0 (9.1) | ¥4.4 (3.2), $0.7 (0.5) | 0.34 | 0.80 |
| D | 3579 | ¥54.7 (44.6), $8.8 (7.2) | ¥3.9 (3.0), $0.6 (0.5) | 1351 | ¥47.7 (40.7), $7.7 (6.6) | ¥3.8 (3.2), $0.6 (0.5) | <0.01 | 0.44 |
| E | 111 | ¥53.3 (60.3), $8.6 (9.7) | ¥3.3 (3.0), $0.5 (0.5) | 54 | ¥42.7 (39.6), $6.9 (6.4) | ¥3.3 (2.5), $0.5 (0.4) | 0.24 | 0.98 |
| Missing | 37 | ¥74.8 (83.6), $12.1 (13.5) | ¥4.2 (2.3), $0.7 (0.4) | 9 | ¥52.2 (34.2), $8.4 (5.5) | ¥3.5 (1.9), $0.6 (0.3) | 0.43 | 0.42 |
*
P T value refers to the significant difference in mean total costs between males and females.
†
P D value refers to the significant difference in mean daily cost between males and females.
‡
“Others” included “Teachers, “Unemployed,” and “Freelancers.”
§
“Others” included “Injuries caused by others,” “Work-related injuries,” “sharp injuries,” “Massage-related injuries,” “Electric shock injuries,” “Gunshot wounds,” “Crush injuries,” and “Iatrogenic injuries.”
AIS indicates American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale; CNY, Chinese Yuan; No., number; TSCI, traumatic spinal cord injury; USD, USA dollar.