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. 2023 Jul 27;14:1218933. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1218933

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Copyright © 2023 Zhu, Guo, Ma, Lin, Wang, Gao, Liu, Zhang, Luo and Hui.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The time-dose–response relationship of PV-based biosensors exposed to Pb(II). Cultures of TOP10/pPb-vioABDE were induced with three concentrations of Pb(II) at 37°C and sampled at 1-h intervals. The n-butanol extracts were separated and transferred into a 96-well plate. The time-dose–response curves using A₆₅₂ of 100 μL n-butanol phase after non-oxidation (A) and oxidation (B) treatment were made. The result was the mean ± standard deviation of three independent determinations. Representative photos of two colored n-butanol phases from non-oxidation treatment (C) and oxidation treatment (D) groups are shown.