Table 1. Demographic Characteristics of Responders and Nonrespondersa.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | P valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Responders (n = 139) | Nonresponders (n = 96) | ||
| Age at time of surgery, median (IQR), y | 27.1 (23.0-33.4) | 26.4 (23.1-32.7) | .65 |
| Time since surgery, median (IQR), y | 3.6 (2.7-5.3) | 4.6 (3.1-8.6) | .002 |
| Recorded gender at last medical encounterc | |||
| Male | 119 (86) | 86 (90) | NA |
| Female | 0 | 2 (2) | |
| Nonbinary | 12 (9) | 5 (5) | |
| Otherd | 7 (5) | 0 | |
| Multiple | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | |
| No gender identified | 0 | 2 (2) | |
| Mastectomy techniquee | |||
| Double incision | 128 (92) | 84 (88) | .26 |
| Periareolar | 8 (6) | 11 (11) | |
| Other | 3 (2) | 1 (1) | |
| Nipple technique | |||
| Free nipple graft | 126 (91) | 84 (88) | .55 |
| No procedure performed to nipples | 10 (7) | 11 (11) | |
| Other | 3 (2) | 1 (1) | |
| Complicationf within 30 d postoperatively | |||
| Yes | 33 (24) | 18 (19) | .42 |
| No | 106 (76) | 78 (81) | |
| Complication requiring reoperation or readmission | |||
| Yes | 9 (6) | 8 (1) | .62 |
| No | 130 (94) | 88 (92) | |
| Revision procedure | |||
| Yes | 30 (22) | 14 (15) | .18 |
| No | 108 (78) | 82 (85) | |
| Gender-affirming procedures prior to mastectomy | |||
| Yes | 13 (9) | 14 (14) | .22 |
| No | 126 (91) | 82 (86) | |
| Procedures prior to mastectomy | |||
| Vaginectomy or vulvectomyc | 1 (1) | 2 (2) | NA |
| Hysterectomy | 11 (8) | 9 (9) | .81 |
| Oophorectomy | 4 (3) | 6 (6) | .33 |
| Phalloplastyc | 0 | 1 (1) | NA |
| Facial masculinizationc | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | NA |
| Breast reductionc | 3 (2) | 1 (1) | NA |
| Additional gender-affirming procedures since the mastectomy | |||
| Yes | 35 (25) | 22 (23) | .76 |
| No | 104 (75) | 74 (77) | |
| Procedure following mastectomy | |||
| Vaginectomy or vulvectomy | 12 (9) | 8 (8) | >.99 |
| Hysterectomy | 30 (22) | 22 (23) | .87 |
| Oophorectomy | 24 (17) | 15 (16) | .86 |
| Metoidioplasty | 7 (5) | 5 (5) | >.99 |
| Phalloplasty | 5 (4) | 2 (2) | .70 |
| Scrotoplasty | 6 (4) | 4 (4) | >.99 |
| Other | 3 (2) | 2 (2) | >.99 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index scorec | |||
| 0 | 113 (81) | 83 (86) | NA |
| 1 | 16 (12) | 9 (9) | |
| 2 | 6 (4) | 3 (3) | |
| 3 | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | |
| 5 | 2 (1) | 0 | |
| 7 | 1 (1) | 0 | |
| BMI at time of surgery, median (IQR) | 29.4 (25.5-35.9) | 28.9 (25.3-34.5) | .68 |
| Depressive disorder | |||
| Yes | 94 (68) | 42 (44) | <.001 |
| No | 45 (32) | 54 (56) | |
| Anxiety disorder | |||
| Yes | 97 (70) | 42 (44) | <.001 |
| No | 42 (30) | 54 (56) | |
| Trauma/stressor disorder | |||
| Yes | 3 (2) | 7 (7) | .10 |
| No | 136 (98) | 89 (93) | |
| Bipolar disorder | |||
| Yes | 14 (10) | 11 (11) | .83 |
| No | 125 (90) | 85 (89) | |
| Other mental health diagnosis | |||
| Yes | 19 (14) | 13 (14) | >.99 |
| No | 120 (86) | 83 (86) | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (measured as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); NA, not available.
a
Data were collected from the medical record.
b
For categorical variables, P values are from Fisher exact tests. For continuous variables, P values are from Wilcoxon rank sum tests.
c
For characteristics with fewer than 5 individuals in a class or group, Fisher exact tests were not conducted.
d
Other gender identity included individuals who identified as genderqueer, demiboy, and agender as recorded in the medical record.
e
The test was run without class other due to small sample size (n <5).
f
Recorded complications included wound dehiscence, delayed wound healing, hematoma, seroma, nipple loss, and infection.