Posttherapy monitoring of index lesions with SPECT/CT imaging. Fused
SPECT/CT sagittal images in a 56-year-old man with prostate-specific
membrane antigen (PSMA)–avid metastatic prostate cancer
undergoing lutetium 177 (177Lu) PSMA-617 therapy.
(A) Baseline fluorine 18 (18F)
carboxy-fluoro-pyridine-carbonyl-amino-pentyl-ureido-pentanedioic acid
(DCFPyL) PET/CT image demonstrates intense PSMA uptake in nodal,
osseous, and hepatic metastases (arrows). (B–E)
Posttherapy SPECT/CT image with 177Lu-PSMA-617 was performed
approximately 24 hours after infusion of the therapeutic radiotracer
after each of four cycles administered 6 weeks apart, demonstrating
localization of the therapeutic radiopharmaceutical to the metastases.
Index lesions in lymph node, bone, and liver (arrows) demonstrate
decreased intensity of uptake with each cycle of therapy.
(C) After cycle 2, the hepatic and nodal metastases
were no longer conspicuous, and (E) after cycle 4, the
spine metastasis was no longer conspicuous. Imaging the therapeutic
radionuclide enables confirmation of effective delivery to the sites of
cancer and detection of treatment response over the course of therapy,
demonstrated by the changes in the imaged index lesions over time.