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. 2023 Jul 26;8(31):28233–28248. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01571

Table 5. Skin Irritation Scores following Topical Application of Different Formulations after 6, 12, 24, and 48 haa.

    erythema/redness
 edema/swelling
groups formulations 6 h 12 h 24 h 48 h 6 h 12 h 24 h 48 h
I clove-oil–NEG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
II eucalyptus-oil–NEG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
III blank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
IV positive control (0.7% formalin) 0.5a 1.5b 2c 2.5d 0 1.5b 2c 2.5d
V negative control 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
a

Visual inspection of skin irritation scores for erythema/redness, or edema/swelling. Zero indicates no erythema or edema while, a indicates non-irritant and safe; b shows safe; c causing irritation; and d moderate erythema.