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. 2023 Aug 10;14:200. doi: 10.1186/s13287-023-03430-4

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — The secretome of the advanced RCC induces MSCs migration. A Morphology of undifferentiated MSCs. B MSCs osteogenic differentiation: Alizarin Red staining (calcium deposits are red). C MSCs adipogenic differentiation: Oil Red O staining (lipid droplets are red). D Chondrogenic differentiation: HE staining of chondropellet. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, B), 20 μm (C), 50 μm (D). E–I The expression of surface antigens on MSCs: CD90 (E), CD105 (F), CD73 (G), CD44 (H) and MIX negative (I) consisting of CD34, CD45, CD11b, CD19 and HLA-DR. J The influence of RCC secretome on MSCs: the scheme of the experiment. Conditioned media from five RCC cell lines and normal kidney cell line RPTEC were collected for the tests on the effects on MSCs migration and the analysis of cytokines and proteins. K The influence of CM from five RCC cell lines on migration MSCs. The plot shows the results of three independent biological experiments performed on independently treated MSCs derived from six patients. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by Dunnett's multiple comparison test. **p < 0.01