Table 2.
Comparison of various characteristics and risk factors according to surgical success
| Local excision (n = 58) | Successful (n = 39) | Unsuccessful (n = 19) | p value | |
| Age (years) | (mean ± SD) | 42.1 ± 13.5 | 41.6 ± 14.7 | 0.734 |
| BMI (weight/height2) | (mean ± SD) | 26.7 ± 3.7 | 24.5 ± 3.8 | 0.024 |
| Surgery duration (min) | (mean ± SD) | 27.5 ± 17.7 | 31.6 ± 23.7 | 0.798 |
| HDSS | (mean ± SD) | 6.86 ± 3.83 | 7.73 ± 4.8 | 0.558 |
| Sex | Male | 25 (64.1%) | 13 (68.4%) | 0.745 |
| Female | 14 (35.9%) | 6 (31.6%) | ||
| TEH localization | Anterior | 2 (5.1%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0.748 |
| Posterior | 4 (10.3%) | 2 (10.5%) | ||
| Right lateral | 22 (56.4%) | 8 (42.1%) | ||
| Left lateral | 3 (7.7%) | 1 (5.3%) | ||
| Multiple | 8 (20.5%) | 7 (36.8%) | ||
| Surgery position | Prone/Jackknife | 29 (74.4%) | 9 (47.4%) | 0.081 |
| Lithotomy | 6 (15.4%) | 4 (21.1%) | ||
| Left lateral decubitus | 4 (10.3%) | 6 (31.6%) | ||
| Working position | < 4 h in a sitting position | 11 (28.2%) | 5 (26.3%) | 1.000 |
| ≥ 4 h in a sitting position | 28 (71.8%) | 14 (73.7%) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | Yes | 8 (20.5%) | 6 (31.6%) | 0.514 |
| No | 31 (79.5%) | 13 (68.4%) | ||
| Hypertension | Yes | 11 (28.2%) | 6 (31.6%) | 1.000 |
| No | 28 (71.8%) | 13 (68.4%) | ||
| Anorectal surgery history | Yes | 3 (7.7%) | 1 (5.3%) | 1.000 |
| No | 36 (92.3%) | 18 (94.7%) | ||
| Family TEH history | Yes | 5 (12.8%) | 3 (15.8%) | 1.000 |
| No | 34 (87.2%) | 16 (84.2%) | ||
| Straining during defecation | Never | 8 (20.5%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.399 |
| Rarely | 14 (35.9%) | 4 (21.1%) | ||
| Sometimes | 10 (25.6%) | 8 (42.1%) | ||
| Usually | 6 (15.4%) | 5 (26.3%) | ||
| Always | 1 (2.6%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Constipation | Yes | 19 (48.7%) | 16 (84.2%) | 0.010 |
| No | 20 (51.3%) | 3 (15.8%) | ||
| Diarrhea | Yes | 2 (5.1%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.446 |
| No | 37 (94.9%) | 17 (89.5%) | ||
| Anal fissure | Yes | 4 (10.3%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.975 |
| No | 35 (89.7%) | 17 (89.5%) | ||
| Skin tag | Yes | 10 (25.6%) | 8 (42.1%) | 0.203 |
| No | 29 (74.4%) | 11 (57.9%) | ||
| Travel history | Yes | 1 (2.6%) | 6 (31.6%) | 0.001 |
| No | 38 (97.4%) | 13 (68.4%) | ||
| Anoreceptive intercourse | Yes | 2 (5.1%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.446 |
| No | 37 (94.9%) | 17 (89.5%) | ||
| Any type of conservative treatment prior to surgery | Yes | 25 (64.1%) | 13 (68.4%) | 0.745 |
| No | 14 (35.9%) | 6 (31.6%) | ||
| Thrombectomy (n = 38) | Successful (n = 33) | Unsuccessful (n = 5) | p value | |
| Age (years) | (mean ± SD) | 41.8 ± 11 | 34.2 ± 10.2 | 0.112 |
| BMI, (weight/height2) | (mean ± SD) | 26.7 ± 3.8 | 26.2 ± 3.6 | 0.834 |
| Surgery duration (min) | (mean ± SD) | 25.1 ± 15.1 | 23.8 ± 8.5 | 0.861 |
| HDSS | (mean ± SD) | 6.03 ± 2.87 | 4.4 ± 3.13 | 0.557 |
| Sex | Male | 29 (87.9%) | 2 (40%) | 0.010 |
| Female | 4 (12.1%) | 3 (60%) | ||
| TEH localization | Anterior | 5 (15.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.752 |
| Posterior | 10 (30.3%) | 1 (20%) | ||
| Right lateral | 6 (18.2%) | 2 (40%) | ||
| Left lateral | 6 (18.2%) | 1 (20%) | ||
| Multiple | 6 (18.2%) | 1 (20%) | ||
| Surgery position | Prone/Jackknife | 27 (81.8%) | 3 (60%) | 0.032 |
| Lithotomy | 6 (18.2%) | 1 (20%) | ||
| Left lateral decubitus | 0 (0%) | 1 (20%) | ||
| Working position | < 4 h in a sitting position | 10 (30.3%) | 2 (40%) | 0.664 |
| ≥ 4 h in a sitting position | 23 (69.7%) | 3 (60%) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | Yes | 2 (6.1%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000 |
| No | 31 (93.9%) | 5 (100%) | ||
| Hypertension | Yes | 2 (6.1%) | 1 (20%) | 0.353 |
| No | 31 (93.9%) | 4 (80%) | ||
| Anorectal surgery history | Yes | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000 |
| No | 32 (97%) | 5 (100%) | ||
| Family TEH history | Yes | 6 (18.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.570 |
| No | 27 (81.8%) | 5 (100%) | ||
| Straining during defecation | Never | 4 (12.1%) | 2 (40%) | 0.246 |
| Rarely | 14 (42.4%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Sometimes | 5 (15.2%) | 1 (20%) | ||
| Usually | 7 (21.2%) | 2 (40%) | ||
| Always | 3 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Constipation | Yes | 18 (54.5%) | 2 (40%) | 0.653 |
| No | 15 (45.5%) | 3 (60%) | ||
| Diarrhea | Yes | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000 |
| No | 32 (97%) | 5 (100%) | ||
| Anal fissure | Yes | 3 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000 |
| No | 30 (90.9%) | 5 (100%) | ||
| Skin tag | Yes | 4 (12.1%) | 1 (20%) | 0.527 |
| No | 29 (87.9%) | 4 (80%) | ||
| Travel history | Yes | 4 (12.1%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000 |
| No | 29 (87.9%) | 5 (100%) | ||
| Anoreceptive intercourse | Yes | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | N/A |
| No | 33 (100%) | 5 (100%) | ||
| Any type of conservative treatment prior to surgery | Yes | 20 (60.6%) | 4 (80%) | 0.633 |
| No | 13 (39.4%) | 1 (20%) | ||
p values in bold indicate the presence of statistical significance
BMI body mass index, HDSS hemorrhoidal disease symptom score, TEH thrombosed external hemorrhoids