Table 2.
BDHQ results by quartiles of protein intake (N = 833)
| Characteristics | mean/n | SD/% | Protein intake (%Energy) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 –14.7 N = 208 |
Q2 –16.7 N = 208 |
Q3 –19.1 N = 209 |
Q4 19.1– N = 208 |
P value | |||
| Energy (kcal/day) | 2,038 | 606 | 1,957 | 2,041 | 2,080 | 2,076 | 0.016 |
| Carbohydrate (%E) | 50.5 | 7.64 | 55.4 | 53.3 | 49.1 | 44.1 | <0.001 |
| Protein (%E) | 17.0 | 3.18 | 13.1 | 15.7 | 17.9 | 21.2 | <0.001 |
| Animal protein (%E) | 10.3 | 3.35 | 6.52 | 9.06 | 11.1 | 14.5 | <0.001 |
| Plant protein (%E) | 6.71 | 1.15 | 6.66 | 6.71 | 6.75 | 6.72 | 0.58 |
| Fish (g/1,000 kcal) | 42.2 | 25.5 | 20.3 | 34.3 | 45.6 | 68.6 | <0.001 |
| Meats (g/1,000 kcal) | 45.8 | 29.8 | 29.0 | 40.1 | 51.3 | 62.4 | <0.001 |
| Eggs (g/1,000 kcal) | 27.8 | 17.2 | 19.5 | 26.8 | 31.6 | 33.4 | <0.001 |
| Dairy products (g/1,000 kcal) | 108 | 67.0 | 90.1 | 111 | 110 | 121 | <0.001 |
| Fat (%E) | 29.4 | 5.29 | 25.9 | 28.1 | 30.9 | 32.8 | <0.001 |
| Total fatty acid (%E) | 25.4 | 4.66 | 22.5 | 24.2 | 26.6 | 28.0 | <0.001 |
| SFA (%E) | 8.10 | 1.84 | 7.40 | 7.87 | 8.34 | 8.77 | <0.001 |
| MUFA (%E) | 10.3 | 2.14 | 9.18 | 9.88 | 10.9 | 11.4 | <0.001 |
| PUFA (%E) | 6.92 | 1.44 | 5.96 | 6.52 | 7.35 | 7.82 | <0.001 |
| n-6PUFA (%E) | 5.39 | 1.16 | 4.82 | 5.14 | 5.72 | 5.85 | <0.001 |
| n-3PUFA (%E) | 1.50 | 0.44 | 1.11 | 1.35 | 1.60 | 1.92 | <0.001 |
| EPA (%E) | 0.20 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.21 | 0.31 | <0.001 |
| DPA (%E) | 0.57 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.49 | 0.61 | 0.86 | <0.001 |
| DHA (%E) | 0.33 | 0.01 | 0.18 | 0.28 | 0.35 | 0.50 | <0.001 |
P-value was assessed with trend test on mean values of each quartile
Abbreviations: SFA: saturated fat acids, MUFA: monounsaturated fat acids, PUFA: polyunsaturated fat acid, EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid, DPA: docosapentaenoic acid, DHA: docosahexaenoic acid