Fig. 3.

The evolution of CAR design and emerging strategies on CAR-NK structure. The main distinction of the three generation CARs lies in the number and composition of intracellular domains. In addition to the T-cell based signaling domains, NK-specific receptor (such as DAP10, DAP12, 2B4) has introduced into NK cells to explore CAR-NK therapy. The novel generation CAR strategies utilize the fundamental principles of CAR signaling and innovative approaches to enhance cytotoxicity persistence, trafficking, and safety performance of CAR-NK cells, endowing them multifunctional attributes